（浙京津鲁琼专版）2020版高考英语大二轮复习 专题二 阅读理解 第二节 推理判断题 四 文章出处或读者对象题学案 新人教版

《（浙京津鲁琼专版）2020版高考英语大二轮复习 专题二 阅读理解 第二节 推理判断题 四 文章出处或读者对象题学案 新人教版》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《（浙京津鲁琼专版）2020版高考英语大二轮复习 专题二 阅读理解 第二节 推理判断题 四 文章出处或读者对象题学案 新人教版（16页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、四、文章出处或读者对象题 (2019·全国Ⅲ，D) Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers. A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0－25 drops of water or juice as a reward.Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeyscombined

2、—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward. Here’showHarvardMedicalSchoolscientistMargaretLivingstone，wholedtheteam，describedtheexperiment：Intheircagesthemonkeyswereprovidedwithtouchscreens.Ononepartofthescreen，asymbolwouldappear，andontheothersidetwosymbolsinsideacirclewereshown.Forexample，thenumber7wouldfl

3、ashononesideofthescreenandtheotherendwouldhave9and8.Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice; iftheywentforthecircle，theywouldberewardedwiththesumofthenumbers—17inthisexample. Afterrunninghundredsoftests，theresearchersnotedthatthemonkeyswouldgofortheh

4、ighervaluesmorethanhalfthetime，indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation，notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachcombination. Whentheteamexaminedtheresultsoftheexperimentmoreclosely，theynoticedthatthemonkeystendedtounderestimate(低估)asumcomparedwithasinglesymbolwhenthetwowerecloseinvalue—sometimeschoosing

5、，forexample，a13overthesumof8and6.Theunderestimationwassystematic：Whenaddingtwonumbers，themonkeysalwayspaidattentiontothelargerofthetwo，andthenaddedonlyafraction(小部分) ofthesmallernumbertoit. “Thisindicatesthatthereisacertainwayquantityisrepresentedintheirbrains，”DrLivingstonesays.“Butinthisexperimen

6、twhatthey’redoingispayingmoreattentiontothebignumberthanthelittleone.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。哈佛医学院科学家Margaret Livingstone带领他的团队通过反复实验得出结论：猴子能算算术，且它们对大数值的关注胜过小数值。 32．Whatdidtheresearchersdotothemonkeysbeforetestingthem? A．Theyfedthem. B．Theynamedthem. C．Theytrainedthem. D．Theymeasuredthem. 答案　C 解析　

7、细节理解题。根据第二段首句“AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbolsconsistingofnumbersandselectiveletterswith0－25dropsofwaterorjuiceasareward.”可知答案为C。 33．Howdidthemonkeysgettheirrewardintheexperiment? A．Bydrawingacircle. B．Bytouchingascreen. C．Bywatchingvideos. D．Bymix

8、ingtwodrinks. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段末句“Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice; iftheywentforthecircle，theywouldberewardedwiththesumofthenumbers—17inthisexample.”可知答案为B。 34．WhatdidLivingstone’steamfindaboutthemonkeys? A．Theycouldperformbasicaddition.

9、 B．Theycouldunderstandsimplewords. C．Theycouldmemorizenumberseasily. D．Theycouldholdtheirattentionforlong. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段可知，研究人员在进行了数百次测试后发现，猴子多半时候会选择更高的值，这表明它们是在进行计算，而不仅仅是记忆每个组合的值。故选A。 35．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear? A．Entertainment. B．Health. C．Education. D．Science. 答

10、案　D 解析　文章出处题。根据全文可知，本文讲述了科学家们通过科学实验得出猴子能够算算术的结论。由此可知，该文章可能出现在报纸的科学版上。故选D。 一、题型解读 几乎所有话题都可能涉及文章出处、文章类别或读者对象题。设问形式常有： (1)Thispassagewouldprobably/mostlikelybefoundin. (2)Thepassageisprobablytakenfrom/outof. (3)Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom? (4)Thepassageisprobablyintendedfor. (5)Whattypeo

11、fwritingisthispassage? 二、解题技巧——内容细节巧判断 1．利用内容判断文章出处 (1)文章前面有日期、地点或通讯社名称→newspaper (2)推销介绍新产品→advertisement (3)文章中有clickhere等网络用语→website (4)旅游胜地方面的介绍→travelguide (5)时尚、名人或娱乐方面的介绍→magazine/journal/entertainmentsection (6)科普知识→sciencereport (7)文化教育类文章→educationsection 2．利用内容判断文章类别 (1)旅游景点方面

12、的介绍：travelguide (2)新产品/新书/新影片/演出介绍：advertisement (3)活动介绍：notice/announcement (4)文章前面有日期、地点或通讯社名称：news (5)科普知识/研究介绍：science report/studyreport 3．确定读者对象 先确定文章主题，再根据文章具体细节判断读者对象。 例如：【真题感悟】中第35题，通读整篇文章可知，该文介绍的是哈佛医学院的科学家MargaretLivingstone带领他的研究团队对猴子进行实验得出的研究结果。这属于“科学研究”范畴，故该文应出现在报纸的“科学”板块。故选D项。

13、 A (2019·湖北十堰模拟) Youknowthefeelingthatyouhaveleftyourphoneathomeandfeelanxious，asifyouhavelostyourconnectiontotheworld.“Nomophobia”(无手机恐惧症) 8affectsteenagersandadultsalike.Youcanevendoanonlinetesttoseeifyouhaveit.Lastweek，researchersfromHongKongwarnedthatnomophobiaisinfectingeveryone.Theirstudyfo

14、undthatpeoplewhousetheirphonestostore，shareand1accesspersonalmemoriessuffermost.Whenuserswereaskedtodescribehowtheyfeltabouttheirphones，wordssuchas“hurt” (neckpainwasoftenreported) and“alone”predictedhigherlevelsofnomophobia. “Thefindingsofourstudysuggestthatusersregardsmartphonesastheirextendedsel

15、vesandget2attachedtothedevices，”saidDrKimKiJoon.“Peopleexperiencefeelingsofanxietyandunpleasantnesswhen9separatedfromtheirphones.”Meanwhile，anAmericanstudyshowsthatsmartphoneseparationcanleadtoanincreaseinheartrateandbloodpressure. Socanbeingwithoutyourphonereallygiveyouseparationanxiety？ProfessorM

16、arkGriffiths，psychologistanddirectoroftheInternationalGamingResearchUnitatNottinghamTrentUniversity，saysitiswhatisonthephonethat4counts—thesocialnetworkingthatcreatesFomo (fearofmissingout)． “WearetalkingaboutanInternet­connecteddevicethatallowspeopletodealwithlotsofaspectsoftheirlives，”saysGriffit

17、hs.“Youwouldhavetosurgicallyremoveaphonefromateenagerbecausetheirwholelifeisrootedinthisdevice.” 11Griffithsthinksattachmenttheory，wherewedevelopemotionaldependencyonthephonebecauseitholdsdetailsofourlives，isasmallpartofnomophobia.For“screenagers”，itisFomothatcreatesthemostseparationanxiety.Iftheyc

18、an’tseewhat’shappeningonSnapchator，theybecomepanic­strickenaboutnotknowingwhat’sgoingonsocially.“Buttheyadaptveryquicklyifyoutakethemonholidayandthere’snoInternet，”saysGriffiths. 语篇解读　本文为说明文。当今社会的许多人成了手机控，只要手机不在身边就会出现无手机恐惧症，会感到焦虑不安，好像失去了与世界的联系。这是因为人们把智能手机当作存储、分享和访问他人、与朋友联系的一种工具。 1．Whichofthefoll

19、owingmayDrKimKiJoonagreewith? A．Wewastetoomuchtimeonphones. B．Phoneshavebecomepartofsomeusers. C．Addictiontophonesmakesmemoriessuffer. D．Phonesandbloodpressurearecloselylinked. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段第二、三、四句，第二段中的“usersregardsmartphonesastheirextendedselvesandgetattachedtothedevices”及最后一段第三句可知，现在的

20、手机已成为许多人生活的一部分了，分析选项可知B项符合题意。 2．AccordingtoGriffiths，wegetnomophobiabecause. A．weareaccustomedtohavingaphoneonus B．weneedourphonestohelpusstoreinformation C．weworrywemaymissoutwhatourfriendsaredoing D．wefearwithoutphoneswewillrunintoalotoftrouble 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句中的“...itiswhatisontheph

21、onethatcounts—thesocialnetworkingthatcreatesFomo (fearofmissingout)．”可知，社交网络让人们害怕错过朋友们发的东西，担心不知道朋友在做什么，分析选项可知C项正确。 3．Wherecanyouprobablyfindtheabovepassage? A．Inaresearchreport. B．Inafashionbrochure. C．Inasciencetextbook. D．Inapopularsciencemagazine. 答案　D 解析　文章出处题。本文主要叙述了当今社会的许多人已成为手机控及他们成为手机

22、控的原因。有的人只要手机不在身边就会出现无手机恐惧症，感到焦虑不安，好像失去了与世界的联系，这是因为智能手机是人们存储、分享和访问他人、与朋友联系的一种工具。这种文章一般会出现在科普杂志上。故选D项。 B (2019·山东临沂质检) Ifyoufollowtheseinsidertips，yourphotoswilllooklikeyouhadtheplacetoyourselfatthepopulartouristattractions. VaticanMuseums：VaticanCity TheVaticandrawsmorethanfivemillionpeopleeachy

23、ear，andqueuescanreachfourhoursduringpeakseason.ChristieHudson，seniorcommunicationsmanageratExpedia，recommendschoosinga3skip­the­linetour.“Thisnotonlyletsyouavoidtheticketcounter，butalsoincludestheuseofaprivatepartnerentrance.”ExtratimetovisittheSistineChapel? Yes! BambooForest：Kyoto，Japan BambooFo

24、restisthemostworthysightinKyoto.Ifyou’re10longingtoenjoythepathwaysandtakepicturesintotalquietness，KyotoArashiyamaTravelGuiderecommendshittingthefamousBambooGrovePathasearlyinthemorningaspossible—think7a．m.ifyou’reupforit.Don’tmissthesehiddentreasuresyoucanonly5witnessinJapan. ChichenItza：Yucatán，M

25、exico HometoElCastilloandtheTempleoftheWarriors，ChichenItzaisamust­see.Wanttobeattherush? Scheduleanearlytourthattakesplacebeforeasiteopenstothepublic.Ledbyanarchaeologistguide，it’sfulloffascinatinginsightsandfacts—withouttonsofpack­wearingtourists. LouvreMuseum：Paris，France TheLouvreisoneofthemo

26、stpopularmuseumsontheplanet.12Ifwaitingaroundinlinetogetinisn’tthewayyouprefertospendyourtimeinParis，consider6purchasinga7reservedticket.Thiswillgiveyouentrytothepyramidwithinahalf­hourwindow.TheLouvreisalsoopenuntil9∶45pmonWednesdaysandFridays，ifyou’reupforsomelate­nightartvisits. 语篇解读　本文是一则广告。文章介

27、绍了四个旅游景点，提供给“为赶在高峰之前到达的游客”。 4．WhatisrecommendedatVaticanMuseumsbyChristieHudson? A．Queuingforfourhours. B．Jumpingthewaitingline. C．Takingaskip­the­linetour. D．VisitingtheSistineChapel. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据VaticanMuseums：VaticanCity的第一、二句“TheVaticandrawsmorethanfivemillionpeopleeachyear，andqueue

28、scanreachfourhoursduringpeakseason.ChristieHudson，seniorcommunicationsmanageratExpedia，recommendschoosingaskip­the­linetour.”可知答案为C。 5．Whichofthefollowingareavailableforearlytouriststoavoidtherush? A．VaticanMuseumsandBambooForest. B．ChichenItzaandBambooForest. C．BambooForestandLouvreMuseum. D．C

29、hichenItzaandLouvreMuseum. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据BambooForest：Kyoto，Japan中的“KyotoArashiyamaTravelGuiderecommendshittingthefamousBambooGrovePathasearlyinthemorningaspossible”和ChichenItza：Yucatán，Mexico中的“Wanttobeattherush? Scheduleanearlytourthattakesplacebeforeasiteopenstothepublic.”可知选B。 6．Whomightthi

30、spassagebeintendedfor? A．Visitorsinterestedinmuseums. B．Guidesatthetouristattractions. C．Peopleattheticketcounter. D．Touriststobeattherush. 答案　D 解析　读者对象题。根据第一段“Ifyoufollowtheseinsidertips，yourphotoswilllooklikeyouhadtheplacetoyourselfatthepopulartouristattractions.”可知，这篇文章可能是写给“为赶在高峰之前到达的游客”。故

31、选D。 Ⅰ.障碍词汇突破 (一)阅读下列句子，并根据句意猜测画线部分的意思 1．Insomelessdevelopedareas，peopleareeagertoaccesstomedicalcare.使用 2．Thoughfarawayfromherhome，sheisveryattachedtoherfamilyandfriends.依恋 3．Whatpercentageofyourclassmatesregularlyskipbreakfast，themostimportantmealoftheday？跳过，不做 (二)同义词语替换 4．Itisnothowmuchyo

32、ureadbutwhatyoureadthatcounts.matters/makesadifference 5．Shehadthegiftofwordstohelphergetthroughthehardship，heartacheandmajorsocialchangesshehadtowitnessfirsthand.see 6．Tabletsareespeciallyusefulforcollegestudentsbecausestudentscanpurchasee­booksordigital(数字的) versionsoftextbooksandstorethemallino

33、neveryportableplace.buy 7．Adoubleroomwithabalconyoverlookingtheseahadbeenreservedforhim.booked (三)一词多义 8．affectv．影响；使感动；使感染 (1) Shewasdeeplyaffectedbythestorysharedbythehomelessboy.v.使感动 (2)Withofficialaid，thoseaffectedbytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.v.影响 (3)Diseasesaffectalmosteve

34、ryoneatsometimeduringtheirlives.v.使感染 9．separateadj.单独的，分开的v．分离；区分；隔开 (1)EnglandisseparatedfromFrancebytheChannel.v.隔开 (2)Thecapacitytothinkseparateshumansfromotheranimals.v.区分 (3)Useseparateknivesforrawandcookedmeat.adj.单独的，分开的 (4)Aswejoinedthebigcrowd，Igotseparatedfrommyfriends.v.分离 10．longa

35、dj.长的；长期的adv.长期地；长久地v．渴望 (1)Itdidn’ttakelongtorepairthetable.adv.长期地 (2)Daisyhadalwayslongedtohelpendangeredspeciesofwildlife.v.渴望 (3)Theagreementshouldhaveverypositiveresultsinthelongterm.adj.长期的 Ⅱ.长难句理解 11．Griffithsthinksattachmenttheory，wherewedevelopemotionaldependencyonthephonebecauseithol

36、dsdetailsofourlives，isasmallpartofnomophobia. [句式分析]　本句是主从复合句，主句的谓语动词是thinks，后面的attachmenttheoryis...asmallpartofnomophobia是宾语从句。在该宾语从句中，where 引导定语从句，修饰先行词theory；because引导原因状语从句，其中的holds表示“持有”。 [精美译文]　格里菲斯认为，依恋理论是无手机恐惧症的一小部分。根据依恋理论，我们对手机产生情感依赖，因为手机掌握着我们生活的细节。 12．Ifwaitingaroundinlinetogetinisn’t

37、thewayyouprefertospendyourtimeinParis，considerpurchasingareservedticket. [句式分析]　本句是主从复合句。if引导的是条件状语从句，主句是一个祈使句。在该if从句中，waitingaroundinlinetogetin作主语，所以谓语动词需要用单数形式。 [精美译文]　如果在巴黎逗留时，你不喜欢排队等候进入，那就考虑提前订票。 强化练(十五) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2019·河南六市一模) Whileweatherforecasterscanmakefairlyaccuratepredictions，ther

38、e’salwaystheriskyou’llbecaughtoutwhiledrivingintherain.Butthedaysofhavingtoquicklycloseyoursunroofcouldsoonbeathingofthepast，thankstoJaguarLandRover’slatesttechnology. Thefirmisdevelopingcarsthatcanadaptautomaticallybyclosingwindowsandroofsorstartingtheheateriftheydetectbadweatherisontheway.Theweat

39、herforecastingsystemusesasetofairpressure，humidity(湿度) andlightsensors(传感器) tohelpitsvehiclespredictchangesinconditionsandadapttothem.Carsequippedwiththesystemcouldmakeslightchangestotheairconditioningifitfindstheweatherisgettingwarmerduringajourneyorincreasethecabintemperatureifitwillgetcolder. Th

40、eforecastmayindicatethereisapossibilityofoneormoreweatherconditions，suchasrain，withinaperiodoftime，suchasfiveminutes.Thevehiclemaythenadapttothelocalweatherconditions.Inparticular，itmaycloseoneormorewindows，orclosearoofofthevehicleinresponsetoaforecastofrain.Similarly，windowscouldbedarkenedusingelec

41、trochromic(电致变色的) glasstoimprovevisibilityifbrightsunshineisforecast. Althoughitisunclearwhetherthistechnologywillmakeitswaytoaproductionvehicleanytimesoon，suchasystemwouldbeadvantageousonautonomousvehicles.Sincethere’snohumandriverpresent，thesystemwillallowthevehicletomakeitcomfortableforitspassen

42、gers，basedoncurrentweatherconditions.Itcanalsomakethevehiclesaferifitknowsrainorsnowiscoming. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了捷豹路虎公司最新的一项技术，它的天气预报系统通过传感器来预测天气变化并对车辆自身进行相应的调整。 1．HowwillJaguarLandRover’slatesttechnologybenefitdrivers? A．Vehiclescanautomaticallydrivethemselves. B．Vehiclescanfindpositionsand

43、routesthemselves. C．Vehiclescanactasmobileweatherforecastingstations. D．Vehiclescanopenwindowsandsunroofsautomatically. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，捷豹路虎最新的技术可以让车辆像移动的天气预报站一样，帮助车辆预测天气变化并调整车身以适应变化，从而造福驾驶员。故C选项正确。 2．Whatisthefeatureoftheglassofavehiclewiththenewtechnology? A．Itcanhelpadjusttheinside

44、temperature. B．Itcanstillbeclearinrainydays. C．Itistoostrongtobreakintopieces. D．Itscolourcanchangewiththesunshine. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段末句“Similarly，windowscouldbedarkenedusingelectrochromic(电致变色的) glasstoimprovevisibilityifbrightsunshineisforecast.”可知，采用新技术的汽车玻璃的颜色会随着阳光而改变。故D选项正确。 3．Whatcanwek

45、nowabouttheweatherforecastingsystemfromthetext? A．Itisintelligentenoughtostopraining. B．Itmakesthedrivermorecomfortable. C．Itcan’tpredicttheweatheraccurately. D．Itmakesautonomouscarssaferinbadweather. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段末句“Itcanalsomakethevehiclesaferifitknowsrainorsnow is coming.”可知，天气预报系统使得

46、无人驾驶汽车在恶劣天气下更安全。故D选项正确。 4．Wheremightthetextbetakenfrom? A．Abookreview. B．Asciencereport. C．Asciencefictionstory. D．Atravelbrochure. 答案　B 解析　文章出处题。文章介绍了捷豹路虎公司最新的一项科学技术，因此本文应该出自一份科学报道。故B选项正确。 B (2019·辽宁沈阳市郊联体一模) DowomenmakeBETTERastronauts？Russialocksanall­femalecrewinspacesimulator(太空模拟器) f

47、oreightdaystofindout.SixRussianwomenhavebeensentintoaspaceshiptobeginauniqueexperimenttestinghowanall­femalecrewwouldrelatetoothersonatriptotheMoonandback. “It’sinterestingforustoseewhatisspecialaboutthewayafemalecrewcommunicates，”saidSergeiPonomaryov，theexperiment’sleader.“Itwillbeparticularlyinte

48、restingintermsofpsychology，”saidtheinstitute’sdirectorIgorUshakov.“I’dliketowishyoualackofconflicts，eventhoughtheysaythatinonekitchen，twohousewivesfindithardtolivetogether，”headded. Thevolunteersincludescientificresearchers，adoctorandapsychologist.Thetestperiodsimulates(模仿) aflighttotheMoonandback，

49、withthewomencarryingout10experimentscoveringpsychologyandhumanbiology.Russiasentthefirstwomanintospace，ValentinaTereshkova，in1963buthasfallenbehindsince.Lastyear，itsentitsfourthfemaleastronautintospace，YelenaSerova.SerovacomplainedofagreatdealofmediainterestinhowshewouldwashherhairaboardtheInternati

50、onalSpaceStation，pointingoutthatmaleastronautsdidnotfacethesamelineofquestioning. Thewomenfoundthemselvesfieldingquestionsatapressconferenceabouthowtheywouldactwithoutmenormakeupforeightdays.“Weareverybeautifulwithoutmakeup，”saidparticipantDaryaKomissarova.HercolleagueAnnaKussmaulwasmoredirect：“Wea

51、redoingwork.Whenyou’redoingyourwork，youdon’tthinkaboutmenandwomen.”Theyplantospendtheirfreetimewatchingfilms，readingandplayingboardgames.TeamleaderYelenaLuchnitskayasaidsheexpectedthewomentodealwithanyconflict. 语篇解读　本文属于科普说明文，主要介绍了俄罗斯做的一项关于女性是否能成为更好的宇航员的实验。 5．Inwhichcolumncanyoufindthispassageon

52、awebsite? A．Education. B．Entertainment. C．Science. D．Economy. 答案　C 解析　文章出处题。根据全文内容可知，文章涉及太空实验的问题，所以可推知，从网站的“科学”栏目中能够看到此文。故选C。 6．What’sthepurposeoftheexperiment? A．Toshowthatwomencandobetterthanmen. B．Totestwhetherwomencanbegoodastronauts. C．Togatherinformationabouttheconditionsinspace. D．To

53、measurethedistancefromtheearthtothemoon. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句和第三句可知，本实验的目的在于验证女性在太空中如何表现及她们能否成为更好的宇航员。故选B。 7．WhatdoweknowfromwhatIgorUshakovsaid? A．Womencannotlivepeacefullyinspaceatall. B．Theremaybeconflictsamongthewomenastronauts. C．Thefemalecrewwilldealwitheachotherinanewway. D．Beinginth

54、esamekitchenhelpsthewomenlivetogether. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，IgorUshakov提到有些人说在一个厨房里两个家庭主妇都无法很好相处，那么在太空中女宇航员在空间极其有限的情况下可能会偶尔冲突。而且关键信息句“I’dliketowishyoualackofconflicts”也表达出了IgorUshakov对女宇航员间发生小摩擦的预估。故选B。 8．Whichofthefollowingwasoncesentintospace? A．SergeiPonomaryov. B．DaryaKomissarova. C．A

55、nnaKussmaul. D．ValentinaTereshkova. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Russiasentthefirstwomanintospace，ValentinaTereshkova，in1963buthasfallenbehindsince.”可知，ValentinaTereshkova曾经被送入太空。故选D。 C (2018·浙江新高考名校联考信息卷五) Evenbeforewewereborn，weknewourmother’svoiceandcoulddistinguishitfromothervoices.That’soneofth

56、ekeyfindingsofanongoingresearchprojectbyCanadianandChineseresearchers.Theresearchsuggeststhatwhilewearestillinthewomb(子宫)，ourbrainsarelearningspeechpatternsandlayingthegroundworkforlanguageacquisition.“Beforebirth，thebrainisbeingsetuptolearnlanguage，”saysBarbaraKisilevsky，whoconductedtheresearch. I

57、thadalreadybeenknownthatnewbornbabiesshowapreferencefortheirmother’svoice，butherlatestresearchshowstheyalsopreferthatfamiliarsoundwhilestillinthewomb.KisilevskycarriedoutthefirstlegoftheresearchinChina，becauseshealreadyhadaresearchprojectunderwaythereandthisfitnicelywiththatwork. Workingwithresearc

58、hersatZhejiangUniversity，Kisilevskytested60womeninthefinalstageofpregnancy.Allthemothersweretape­recordedastheyreadapoemoutloud.Thenthemothersweredividedintotwogroups.Halfthefetuses(胎儿) heardtherecordingoftheirownmother.Theotherhalfheardthatofanothermother，butnottheirown. Inbothcases，thepoemcauseda

59、changeinthebaby’sheartrate.Theheartrateacceleratedamongthosewhoheardtheirownmother’svoice，anddeceleratedamongthosewhoheardavoiceotherthanthatoftheirmother’s. Decelerationoftheheartrateis“anattentionmechanism(机制)”，Kisilevskysays.Theheartbeatamongfetuseswhoheardanunfamiliarvoicesloweddown，shesays，bec

60、ausetheywerepayingcloseattentiontoavoicetheydidnotrecognize.Thefactthattheheartbeatchangedinbothcases—upforMom，downforsomeoneelse—showsthefetuses“noticedbothvoices”，shesays，andcouldtellonefromtheother. Bytheway，thepoemisimmaterialhere.Kisilevskysuspectsshewouldhavehadthesameresultsifthemothershadbe

61、enreadingaphonebook.“It’snotthecontentthatthefetusesrecognized，”shesays.“Weallhaveourownwayoftalking.Westopatdifferenttimes，takebreathsatdifferenttimes，andthat’swhattheyarerecognizing.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项有关胎儿对声音的识别的研究。 9.Whatledtothechangeinfetuses’heartrateacccordingtotheresearch? A．Theirfa

62、miliaritywiththevoice. B．Thequalityoftherecordings. C．Theircuriosityabouteverything. D．Thecontentofthepoemrecorded. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句可知，胎儿在听到不熟悉的声音时，它们的心跳会减慢，因为它们把更多的注意力放在了它们不能识别的这个声音上。由此可知，在研究中，胎儿对声音的熟悉度的不同导致了它们心率的变化。故选A。 10．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph? A．Adultstalkinawayqui

63、tedifferentfrombabies. B．Kisilevskyfirmlybelievesherfindingsareapplicable. C．Speechpatternsarewhatfetusesrecognizeintellingvoices. D．Differentexperimentalmaterialscanleadtodifferentresults. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容，尤其是最后两句可知，胎儿在辨别声音时识别的是人们的说话方式，即他们的语言模式。故选C。 11．Inwhichcolumnofanewspapercanwerea

64、dthispassage? A．Medicine. B．Lifestyle. C．Education. D．Science. 答案　D 解析　文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项有关胎儿对声音的识别的研究，它最可能出现在报纸的科学专栏上。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2019·广东深圳高级中学适应性考试) Youforgottosetyourwake­upalarm.Asyouslowlycometorealizethatyou’regoingtobeextremelylateforschoolorwork，youbegintogetintoapanic.12Soyouleavehom

65、estressed，hungryandthirsty.Ifyouoftenstartyourdayinsuchastressedstate，thenyou’llbesuretobenefitfromthesuggestionsbelow. Wakeupontime.Wakingupontime(orevenearly) isnecessarytostartyourdaypositively.13Andyouwon’tneedtorusharoundatthelastminute. Makeyourbed.Makingyourbedisprobablythelastthingyouthink

66、aboutwhenyouarepreparedinthemorning.Thishabitmaybeokayforstudents，butifyouwanttoincreaseyourmotivationandproductivity，youshoulddefinitelymakeyourbed.14 Takea10­minutewalkinthemorning.Ifyouhaveadog，thenthiswillbeaneasytaskforyou.However，evenifyoudon’townadog，whynottrywalkingfor10minutesoutsideeverymorning? 15 16Organizedpeopletendtodothiswork.Ithelpsthemkeeptrackofwhatneedsdoingathome，workandbeyond.Themorningtimeisperfectforcheckingyourto­dolist.Youmayalsofindthatyoucandeletesomeitemst