山西省阳泉市荫营中学高考英语 Direct and Indirect Speech复习教案 新人教版

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1、山西省阳泉市荫营中学高考英语 Direct and Indirect Speech复习教案 新人教版 主句动词的变化 一般来说，主句谓语动词常为 said or said to , 变为间接引语时，当直接引语是陈述句时，said-变à said (that), but said to –à told sb.。 当直接引语是一般疑问句时，则变为 asked/ asked sb.+if / whether 当直接引语是特殊疑问句时，则变为asked sb.+ what等特殊疑问词引导的句子（疑问词后的句子为陈述句式） 1.Mr.Black said, “I’m busy.” ---à

2、Mr. Black said that he was busy. 2.“I’ll go to your farm tomorrow,” he said to her. -à He told her that he would go to her farm the next day. 3. He said, “ Are you ready?” -à He asked(us) if we were ready. 4. He said, “ What do you want to do?” -à He asked what I wanted to do. 1. 如何变句型： ① 直接引语如

3、果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。 Eg. She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes." →She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes. ② 直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句. Eg. 1. He said, "Can you swim, John?" →He asked John if he could swim. 2. "You have finished the homework

4、, haven‘t you?" my mother asked. →My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework. 3. "Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" →He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike. ③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。 She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"→ She ask

5、ed me when they had their dinner. ④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell(ask, order,advise,invite等) sb (not) to do sth."句型。 eg. "Don’t make any noise," she said to the children. →She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. "Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she.→She asked him to bring her

6、a cup of tea. ⑤直接引语如果是以“Let‘s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动句词（或从句）。” eg. He said, "Let’s go to the film." →He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film. 2. 如何变人称 由直接引语变间接引语时，从句的主语人称要遵循一主、二宾、三不变的原则。①直接引语的主语是第一人称变为间接引语时要和主句的主语保持一致。 ②如果直接引语的主语是第二人称变为间接引语时要与主句

7、的宾语保持一致。 ③如果直接引语的主语是第三人称变为间接引语时，人称不变。 Eg. ①They said, “We will go there by bus.” →They said they would go there by bus. ②She said to me, “Are you interested in science?”→ She asked me if I was interested in science. ③His mother said to me, “He can't go to school.” → His mother told me that he

8、couldn't go to school. 3. 如何变时态： (1.) 直接引语变为间接引语时，如果主句中的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，则间接引语从句的时态保持不变。Eg. 1.He says, “I have finished my homework.” → He says that he has finished his homework. 2. She will say, “I'll do it tomorrow.” →She will say that she'll do it the next day. (2.) 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，从句的时态则应是与主句

9、时态相应的过去时态。 直接引语 间接引语 各种现在时 一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成时 各种过去时 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成进行时（或不变） 过去完成时（不变） 将来时 一般将来时 Is (are) +不定式 过去将来时 Was (were)+ 不定式 Eg. 1.The girl said, “I'm sorry for being late for class.” →The girl said that she was sorry for being late for cl

10、ass. 2.He said to me, “I am writing a letter.” →He told me that he was writing a letter. (3). 直接引语如果是客观事实或真理，变为间接引语时，从句时态不变。 Eg. The teacher said, “The earth moves around the sun.” → The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun. 四、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化 Direct speech Indirect speech

11、 指示代词 this these that those 时间状语 Now Today This morning(week, month, etc) Yesterday Three days ago The day before yesterday Last week(month,year) Tomorrow The day after tomorrow Next week(month, year) Then that day that morning (week, month, etc) the day before three days _____

12、___ two days before the week (month, year)before the next (following ) day two days after (in two days’ time) the next/ following week (month, year) 地点状语 here there 动词 Come Bring Go Take Note: 表中这些变化，要根据具体时间和具体地点的情况而定，不可机械照搬。如果就在当地转述，here就不必改为there, come也不必改为go, 如果就在当天转述，yesterday or

13、 tomorrow等时间状语也不必改变。 Eg. She said, “ I’ll wait for you here tonight, Jane.” She told Jane that she would wait for him here tonight. Eg. (1) He said, “Now it is your turn.” -à He said that then it was my turn. (2) He said, “ I shall come back next week.”à He said that he would come back the next

14、 week. (3)She said, “I will come here this afternoon.”à She said that she would go there that afternoon. Exercise for Direct Speech and Indirect Speech I. 请选出正确的答案：  1. “You’ve already got well, haven’t you?” she asked. →She asked ________. 　　A. if I have already got well, hadn’t you 

15、　　B. whether I had already got well 　　C. have I already got well D. had I already got well. 2. He asked , “ Are you a Party member or a League member?” 　　→He asked me _________. 　　A. am I a Party member or a League member  　　B. was I a Party member or a League member 　　C. if I was a Party mem

16、ber or a League member 　　D. whether was I a Party member or a League member. 3. He asked, “How are you getting along?” →He asked _______. 　　A. how am I getting along  　　B. how are you getting along 　　C. how I was getting along  　　D. how was I getting along 4. He asked me ________ with me. 　　

17、A. what the matter is B. what the mater was 　　C. what’s the matter D. what was the matter 5. He said, “Don’t do that again.” He _____ me _______ that again. 　　A. said to me; not to do B. said to me; don’t do 　　C. told me; don’t do D. told me; not to do 6. Can you make sure ___________? A. th

18、at he will come here today  B. when he will come here today C. will he come here today   D. whether will he come here today 7. Do you happen to know ________? A. where is her address    B. in which place is her address C. what her address is   

19、  D. the place her address is 8. Excuse me, but can you tell me ___________? A. where can I get to the library  B. where I can get to the library C. how can I get to the library   D. how I can get to the library 9. John asked me _______ to visit his uncle’s

20、 farm with him. A. how would I like     B. if or not would I like C. whether I would like    D. which I would like 10. I’d like to know ________ Chinese. A. when he began to learn   B. when did he begin to learn C. when did he begin learning

21、  D. for how long he began to learn II. 将下列句子变为间接引语：  1. “You should be more careful next time,” his father said to him. 2. Mr. Wang said, “I will leave for Shanghai on business next month, children” 3. “I haven’t heard from my parents these days,” said Mary. 4. The geography teache

22、r said to us, “The moon moves around the earth and the earth goes round the sun.” 5. She said to him, “It’s time that you left here.” 6. Zhang Hong said to me, “Doctor Wang passed away in 1948.” 7. John said to his parents, “I had learned 500 Chinese words by the end of  last term.” 8. The hist

23、ory teacher said to them, “The Chinese Communist Party was founded on July 1st , 1921.” 9. He said, “Are you a student?” 10. “Have you anything interesting I can read, George?” she said. 11. “She’s here to ask for help, isn’t she?” he asked. 12. “Where are you going?” the father asked his son.

24、 13. “Are you sorry for what you have done?” the mother asked the naughty boy. 14. She said, “Did you meet this man at the station two hours ago, Mr. Li?” 15. “Write your names on your papers first,” the teacher said to us. 16. “Please come here again tomorrow,” her friend said to her. 17. “Let 

25、me pack the parcel for you,” he said. 18. “Don’t make so much noise in class, boys and girls,” said the teacher. 19. “What a lovely day it is!” 20. “Happy New Year to you!” he said. III. 把下列句子变为直接引语：  1. I told him that I had lost my money and that I would find it. 2. She asked whether I would

26、 be free the next day or not. 3. I asked her where she was going and what she was going to do the next day. 4. His father told him not to climb that high tree in his new coat. 5. The stranger asked me what my name was. 6. She said that she would finish her work the next day. 7. The teacher aske

27、d if we could do it. 8. The commander ordered his men not to cross the river before dawn. 9. My teacher asked whether he was coming. 10. The scientist asked me what I was doing. 答案 I. 1~5  B C C D D      6~10  A C D C A II. 1. His father told him that he should be more careful the next time.

28、 2. Mr. Wang told the children that he would leave for Shanghai on business the next month. 3. Mary said that she hadn’t heard from her parents those days. 4. The geography teacher told us that the moon moves around the earth and the earth goes round the sun. 5. She told him that it was time that

29、 he left there. 6. Zhang Hong told me that Doctor Wang passed away in 1948. 7. John told his parents that he had learned 500 Chinese words by the end of last term. 8. The history teacher told them that the Chinese Communist Party was founded on July 1st, 192 9. He asked whether I was a student.

30、 10. She asked George if he had anything interesting she could read. 11. He asked whether she was there to ask for help or not. 12. The father asked his son where he was going. 13. The mother asked the naughty boy if he was sorry for what he had done. 14. She asked Mr. Li whether he had met that

31、 man at the station two hours before. 15. The teacher told us to write our names on our papers first. 16. Her friend asked her to go there again the next/ following day. 17. He offered to pack the parcel for me. 18. The teacher told the boys and girls not to make so much noise in class. 19. He/

32、 She exclaimed that it was really a lovely day. 20. He wished me a Happy New Year. III. 1. I said to him, “I have lost my money . I will find it.” 2. She asked , “ You will be free tomorrow, won’t you?” 3. I asked her, “Where are you going and what are you going to do tomorrow?” 4. His fathe

33、r said, “Don’t climb this high tree in your new coat.” 5. The stranger asked, “ What’s your name?” 6. “I’ll finish my work tomorrow,” she said. 7. The teacher asked, “Can you do it ?” 8. The commander ordered his men, “Don’t cross the river before dawn.” 9. My teacher asked, “Is he coming?” 10.  The scientist asked me, “What are you doing?”