管理沟通双语课件

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1、Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,6-,*,McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies,All Rights Reserved.,McGraw-Hill/Irwin,Chapter 6,Designing Documents,Data Displays,and Visuals,Design Importance,Desi

2、gns&Conventions,Levels of Design,Page Design Guidelines,Using Visuals,Visual Design Guidelines,Integrating Visuals,Designing Brochures,Designing Web pages,Usability Testing,Chapter 6Designing Documents,Why Design Matters,Saves time and money,Reduces legal problems,Builds goodwill,Attractive pages lo

3、ok friendly,easy to read,Grouping ideas shows structure,Why Design MattersSaves time a,Design:Part of Writing,Think about design at each step,As you plan,think about audience,Skilled or busy?,Read straight through or skip around?,As you write,use lists,headings.,Use visuals to convey numerical data

4、clearly,Get feedback from your audience,As you revise,check the design guidelines that follow,Design:Part of WritingThink,Design&Conventions,Vary widely by audience,geographic area,industry,or department,Change over time,Violating is risky,Presents incorrect interpretations,Signals author is unrelia

5、ble or unknowledgeable,Design&ConventionsVary widel,Levels of Design,Intraindividual letters and words,Interblocks of text,Extragraphics that go with the text,Supraentire document,Levels of DesignIntraindividu,Page Design Guidelines,Use white space,Use headings,Limit words in all capital letters,Use

6、 no more than two fonts per document,Page Design GuidelinesUse whit,Page Design Guidelines,continued,Justify margins selectively,Put key items at top left or bottom right,Use a grid for visual unity,Use highlighting,decorative devices,and color in moderation,Page Design Guidelines,contin,Use White S

7、pace,White Space,empty space on the page,Makes message easier to read,To create white space,use,Headings,Mix of paragraph lengths,Lists of parallel items(same form),Bullets,or,numbers when order is exact,XXXXX,XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX,XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX,XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX,XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX,XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX,XXXXX

8、XXXXXXXXXXX,XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX,Use White SpaceWhite Spaceemp,Use Headings,Headings,words,phrases,or short sentences,Group points;divide document,Show organization,Help reader;save readers time,Make page look interesting,To create headings,Make each specific,Keep headings parallel,Make sure they cover

9、material until next heading,Use HeadingsHeadingswords,ph,Limit Words in All Capital Letters,Words in all capitals,Lose their unique shapes,Have same rectangular shape,Lack ascenders and descenders,Causes reader to slow down,Causes more reading errors,people,PEOPLE,Limit Words in All Capital Let,Use

10、No More Than Two Fonts,Fonts,unified styles of type,Serif font letters have feet,Easy to read;used for paragraphs,Ex:,New Courier,Times Roman,Sans serif font letters lack feet,Harder to read;used for headings,tables,Ex:,Arial,Tahoma,Univers,Use No More Than Two FontsFont,Use No More Than Two Fonts,c

11、ontinued,Most documents use just one font,Create emphasis by using,Bold,Italics,Varied,sizes,Font size,12-point ideal for most business documents,Headings may be larger,Use No More Than Two Fonts,co,Justify Margins Selectively,Full justification,text even at left and right margin,Want formal look,Wa

12、nt to use fewest pages,Ragged right margin,text even on left,uneven on right,Want informal look,Use very short lines,Want to revise selected pages,XXXXX,XXXXXXXXXXXX,XXXXXXXXXXXX,XXXXXXXXXXXX,XXXXXXXXXXXX,XXXXXXXXXXXX,XXXXX,XXXXXXXXXXXX,XXXXXXX,XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX,XXXXXXXXXXXX,XXXXXXXXXX,Justify Margins

13、 SelectivelyFul,Put Key Items at Top Left or Bottom Right,Readers eye moves in Z pattern,Starts at upper left corner of page,Reads to the right and down,Quadrants in order of importance,Top left,Bottom right,Bottom left,Top right,1,2,Put Key Items at Top Left or B,Use a Grid for Visual Unity,Grid2 o

14、r 3 imaginary columns on page;may be subdivided,All elements lined up in columns,Creates pleasing symmetry,Unifies long documents,Use a Grid for Visual UnityGri,Use Decorative Devices in Moderation,Use decorative devices sparingly,Add interest/emphasis with dingbats,clip art,Use color for main headi

15、ngs,not details,In North America,red,usually means,danger,Use Decorative Devices in Mode,Use Visuals,To present ideas completely,To find/show relationships,To make points vivid,To emphasize material,To present material concisely,with less repetition,Every visual should tell a story,Use VisualsTo pre

16、sent ideas co,Visual Design Guidelines,Check quality of data,Determine story you want to tell,Choose visual that fits the story,Follow conventions for designing visuals,Use color and decoration with restraint,Be sure that visual is accurate,ethical,Visual Design GuidelinesCheck,1.Check Quality of Data,Check data comes from reliable source,Check you have data for all factors you should consider,Use data based on assumptions and definitions in careful titles,Do not use visuals of unreliable data,1