名词性从句完整版

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1、单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,名词性从句复习,考纲解读,从出题者的角度，就是要考察名词性从句中的语序以及引导词之间的区别。有时候，会结合插入语或名词与同位语隔开，或使句子结构复杂化等使得难度增加。其实，总的难度和变化都不大。但是从考生的角度来说，如果考生对句子结构掌握不过硬，对某些词或词组的用法不了解，就会容易造成和定语从句、状语从句的混淆，造成根本环节的误判而用其他从句的规则去解题。造成丢分。,名词性从句的种类,名词性从句即由连接词引导、起名词作用的,从句，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和,同位语从句。,主语从句（在主句中作主语）,

2、Who will win the game,is not known,.,宾语从句（在主句中作宾语）,Nobody knows,who will win the game,.,表语从句（在主句中作表语）,My question is,who will win the game,.,同位语从句（在主句中作同位语）,I have no idea,who will win the game,.,名词性从句的连接词,连接词即引导名词性从句的关联词，包括,连词、连接代词、连接副词。,连词：仅起连接作用，不作句子成分。,连接代词：可作主语、宾语、表语或定语。,连接副词：只作状语。,连词：引导从句但不作任何

3、成分。,that,没有意义，引导主,/,宾,/,表,/,同位语从句。,It is said,that there will be a party tonight,.,They say,(,that,),there will be a party tonight,.,Why he failed was,that he made a vital mistake,.,The key,that he succeeded,lied in his hard work,.,if,是否，引导,宾语,从句，主语从句。,whether,是否，引导主,/,宾,/,表,/,同位语从句。,I doubt,if/whet

4、her you can pass the test,.,Whether well go camping,depends on the weather,.,My doubt is,whether you can pass the test,.,I have no idea,whether you can pass the test,.,as if/though,好像，似乎，引导,表语,从句。,because,因为，引导,表语,从句。,The old lady looks,as if she were a young girl,.,His failure was,because he didnt

5、work hard enough,.,连接代词：引导从句并作从句的句子成分。,who,谁,(,主格,),，用于人，作主,/,宾,/,表语。,whom,谁,(,宾格,),，用于人，仅作宾语。,Who,will do the job,hasnt been decided,.(,主语,),Would you tell me,who/whom,youll vote for,?(,宾语,),Can you tell me,who,the pretty girl is,?(,表语,),whose,谁的，用于人，作表,/,定语。,Please tell me,whose,the bike is,.(,表语,

6、),I dont know,whose,bike it is,.(,定语,),which,哪个,/,些，用于人或物，作主,/,宾,/,表,/,定语。,what,什么，用来指事物，作主,/,宾,/,表,/,定语。,Please tell me,what,sport you like best,.(,定语,),I wonder,which,of you can solve the problem,.(,主语,),Id like to know,what,your father is,.(,表语,),whoever,作主,/,宾,/,表语,whomever,仅作宾语,whichever,作主,/,宾

7、,/,表,/,定语,whatever,作主,/,宾,/,表,/,定语,Whatever he said was right.,Ill take whoever wants to go.,Whichever of you comes first will receive a prize.,You can give the ticket to whomever you like.,连接副词：引导从句并作从句的状语,when,表示时间,where,表示地点,why,表示原因,how,表示方式,When,well have a meeting,is not decided,.,I dont know,

8、where,I can buy such a book,.,Why he did it,will remain a puzzle forever.,The question is,how we should carry out the plan.,注意：,Whenever,however,wherever,很少引导名词性从句，因为,when,，,where,，,how,本来都是副词性质的，相对而言,whoever,，,whatever,，,whichever,可以引导名词从句的,.whenever,一般引导时间状语从句和让步状语从句,wherever,一般引导地点状语从句和让步状语从句,how

9、ever,引导让步状语从句,eg.Wherever he goes makes his parents worry.,(,主语从句,),如何选用连接词？,用法规则,:,先根据从句的结构确定用哪种连接词，,从句,不缺成分用连词，缺主语、宾语、表语、定语用,连接代词，缺状语用连接副词,，,再根据从句意思,确定用哪个连词、连接代词或连接副词。,用法口诀：,根据结构定词类，根据意思再核对，,不缺成分用连词，主宾表定用代词，,状语必须用副词，词法成分要斟酌，,具体该用哪一个，可依句意来定夺。,一主语从句,主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语,it,代替，而本身放在句子

10、末尾。,eg.1.That we must master English words,as many as possible is very important.,2 It was a pity that you failed in the exam.,用,it,作形式主语的结构,It,be,名词,(,短语,)(a pity/a shame/a surprise/no wonder,等,),that,从,句,eg.It is a pity that,you have missed the wonderful lecture.,(,2)It+be+,形容词,(necessary/natural/

11、wonderful/likely/strange/important/certain,等,),that,从句,eg.It is wonderful that,all of you have passed the difficult exam.,(3),It+,不及物动词,that,从句,It seems that,似乎,It happened that,碰巧,It appears that,似乎,It,occurred to me that,我突然想起,(4)It,be+,过去分词 从句,It is reported/said/hoped/believed that,It is suggest

12、ed/required/requested/ordered/demanded that,【,注意,】,在以下主语从句中，常使用虚拟语气，即,“should,动词原形,”,形式，其中的,should,可以省略。,It is necessary/strange/important/natural/impossible etc.,that.,It is a pity/a shame/no wonder that.,It is suggested(,建议,)/requested/required/proposed/desired(,要求,)/demanded/insisted(,坚决要求,)/orde

13、red,that.,15,主语从句中应注意的问题,1,）,主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引 导，不能省略这些连接词。,误,：,The college will get in more new students this year is ture.,正,：,That,the college will get in more new students this year is ture.,2),如果主语从句放在句首，不能用,if,引导，但是如果用,it,做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，也可以用,if,引导,.,误,：,If Mary really heard him is really dou

14、btful.,正,：,Whether Mary really heard him is really doubtful.,正,：,It was doubtful if/whether Mary really heard him.,二宾语从句,宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词,(,及物动词,),或介词之后。,1.,作动词的宾语,(1),作及物动词的宾语。,She did not know what had happened.,I wonder whether you can change this note for me.,(2),动词间接宾语宾语从句。例如：,Sh

15、e told me that she would accept my invitation.,2.,作介词的宾语,Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.,3.,作形容词的宾语，,例如：,I am afraid(that)Ive made a mistake.,注意：,that,引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：,anxious,aware,certain,confident,determined,glad,proud,surprised,worried,sorry,thankful,ashame

16、d,disappointed,annoyed,pleased,satisfied,content,等。,4.it,可以作为形式宾语,it,不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语,that,从句则放在句尾。,.,可运用,it,做形式宾语,的结构有：,.,动词,make,find,think,feel,consider,believe,等后面有宾语补足语的时候，则需要用,it,做形式宾语，而将,that,宾语从句后置，结构：,S.+vt+it+adj./n.+that,从句,。,I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.,I feel it a pity that I havent been to the get-together.,.,有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语从句前加,it,，这类动词主要是：,hate,like,see to(,务必使,)depend on(,指望,相信,),I hate it when they speak with their mouths full of fo