同步带及输送带设计【三维SW】

喜欢这套资料就充值下载吧。资源目录里展示的都可在线预览哦。下载后都有，请放心下载，文件全都包含在内，有疑问咨询QQ:414951605 或 1304139763 目 录 第1章 总体设计要点和设计要求 1 1.1设计数据 1 1.2工作条件及要求 1 第2章 同步带传动件的设计计算 2 2.1选择电动机 2 2.2计算各轴转速、功率、转矩 3 2.2.1计算各轴转速 3 2.2.2计算各轴功率 3 2.2.3计算各轴转矩 3 2.3同步带及同步带轮的设计计算 3 2.3.1选择材料 3 2.3.2确定传动件的主要参数并计算几何尺寸 4 2.4数据整理 6 2.5输送带的选择 6 第3章 轴的校核计算 7 3.1轴的校核 7 第4章 轴承的校核计算 10 4.1轴承的校核 10 第5章 键的选择和校核 11 5.1选择键连接的类型和尺寸 11 5.2校核键的连接强度 11 第6章 总结 12 参考文献 13 摘要 带式输送机是现代运输物料设备中不可缺少的设备之一，以结构简单、操作方便、便于维修、动力资源耗损少、运行可靠、通用性强等优点。随着科技的发展，带式输送机也朝着更远距离，更高带速，更大运量的方向发展。但是，对于轻载定比传动而言，同步带传动是最初采用的。随着强力层所采用材料的发展，加之对齿形的进一步改进，现在，同步带已广泛应用于各种工业领域的运动和动力传递。传动带传动与V带，平带相比，它具有很多优点。如：传动精确，传动效率高，传动大、载动范围大，传动速度高，结构紧凑，冲击小、传动平稳，噪声小等有点。对于输送带来说，输送带是输送系统的关键设备，它的安全稳定运行直接影响到生产作业。输送带的跑偏是带式输送机的最常见故障，对其及时准确的处理是其安全稳定运行的保障。不同材质的输送带有不同的优缺点，如：高效性，高承载性，误差性小，安全性高。在使用的过程中可根据使用的场合来决定。有时对于输送带使用的过程中要求产生跳动少的情况，可以使用PVG输送带，其过滚筒性好。 关键词 同步带 输送带 滚筒 第1章 总体设计要点和设计要求 1－调速电动机 2－同步带 3－卷筒 4－输送带及机架 1.1设计数据 F= 2000 N, V= 1.4 m/s, D= 250 mm。 D 1.2工作条件及要求 1.工作情况：两班制，连续单向转动， 载荷平稳； 2.工作环境：室内，无灰尘； 3.工作年限：8年，大修期4年； 4.生产批量：小批量生产。 第2章 同步带传动件的设计计算 2.1选择电动机 1类型和结构的选择 三相交流异步电动机的结构简单、价格低廉、维护方便，但一般应用于工业。 Y系列电动机是一般用途的全封闭式自扇冷式三相异步电动机，具有效率高、性能好、噪声低、振动小等优点，适用于不易燃、不易爆、无腐蚀性气体和无特殊要求的机器上，如风机、输送机、搅拌机、农业机械和食品机械等。 选用Y系列电动机作为带式输送机的电机。 2功率的确定 电机的容量选择是否合适，对电动机的工作和经济性都有影响。当容量小于工作要求时，电动机不能保证工作机的正常工作，或使电动机因长时间过载而过早损坏；若容量过大，则电动机价格高，能力不能充分利用，而且因为经常不在满载运行，其效率和功率因数较低，造成浪费。 故工作机所需工作效率，查表可知，同步带的机械效率为，卷筒的机械效率为，故总机械效率为，所需电机输出功率。 因为所选电动机的额定功率应稍大于（或等于）所需的电动机功率。 3转速的确定 卷筒为工作轴，则转速，故同步转速为1500r/min。所以查表可知，电动机型号的选择为Y100L1-4型，，额定转矩为2.2kw，满载转速为1420r/min。 2.2计算各轴转速、功率、转矩 2.2.1计算各轴转速 主动轴的转速 ， 从动轴的转速； 2.2.2计算各轴功率 主动轴的功率 从动轴的功率； 2.2.3计算各轴转矩 主动轴的转矩， 从动轴的转矩。 2.3同步带及同步带轮的设计计算 2.3.1选择材料 同步带的齿形和材料在整个发展过程中出现了很多类型，在本次课设中，我们所选用的材料为氢化丁橡胶，齿形为梯形。 2.3.2确定传动件的主要参数并计算几何尺寸 1确定同步带传动的设计功率 查表可知，载荷修正系数，故设计功率。 2确定带的型号和节距 可根据同步带传动的设计功率和小带轮转速n、由同步带选型图中来确定所需要采用的带的型号和节距。所以带的型号选用H型，对应节距为。 3选择带轮齿数 有小带轮转速和H型带，查表得小带轮最小许用齿数，又根据查表可知，，所以，则大带轮齿数。 4确定带轮节圆直径 小带轮节圆直径； 大带轮节圆直径。 5确定带速 又因为带速，所以带速v合格。 6初定中心距 所以。 7初定带的节线长度及其齿数 又查表可知，。 8实际中心距 由于中心距可调整，所以。 9确定带宽 由带长和其齿数查表可知，带宽。 10确定小带轮啮合齿数 故，小带轮啮合齿数合格。 11作用在轴上的力 12校核 基准额定功率 查表可知，许用工作拉力，单位长度质量，故： 。 所以，所选参数合格。 2.4数据整理 带：选用H型号同步带，齿形为梯形， 带轮：。 2.5输送带的选择 由于此次设计的骨架是整体编制结构，抗撕裂、抗冲击性能好，易清扫，可满足长距离输送机的设计要求，且由于带体轻，所需的驱动功率小，又可用于机械的连接，所以我们的输送带选择橡胶面整芯输送带，即PVG带。 骨架的长为560mm，宽为480mm，高为587mm;输送带长为1150mm。 14 第3章 轴的校核计算 3.1轴的校核 轴的材料选用45钢，热处理方式为调质，故查表可知，许用应力。 故，弯矩图和扭转图如下图所示： 图1-1弯矩图 图1-2扭矩图 各段轴的强度校核如下： A点 轴的抗扭截面系数，轴的抗弯截面系数 所以，扭转切应力，弯曲应力 又根据第三强度理论校核可知， ， 式中，由扭转切应力为对称循环变应力可知，取。 B点 轴的抗弯截面系数。 所以，弯曲应力。 C点 轴的抗弯截面系数。 所以，弯曲应力。 故，三段轴均满足强度要求。 第4章 轴承的校核计算 4.1轴承的校核 考虑轴受力较小且主要是径向力，故选用深沟球轴承。所以根据查手册可选6005四个，基本额定动载荷。 圆周力即作用在轴上的力；所以两轴承承受纯径向载荷。 根据查表可得，，又因为是球轴承，所以，故 ； 预期寿命为：8年，两班制，所以 即，轴承选用合格。 第5章 键的选择和校核 5.1选择键连接的类型和尺寸 选用平键链接，由于带轮在轴端，故选用单圆头普通平键（C型）。 由于轴的直径，所以查表可得，键的截面尺寸为：宽度，高度。因为键的长度比轮毂要小，根据轮毂的长度以及参考键的长度系列，取键的长度为。 5.2校核键的连接强度 键的材料为钢，由表可查，许用挤压应力，取平均值，。键的工作长度，所以， ， 所以选用的键合适，为：单元头普通平键 键C。 第6章 总结 本次课设是我们在大学期间的最后一次课设，而这一次课设所需要的知识也比较广泛，综合性也较强，也是为我们毕业设计做了一些准备，提前熟悉一下步骤，培养如何查资料等一些能力。 此次课设，我们分了几个组，每组基本都是4人左右，我们组做的是同步带与输送带方面的设计，在此过程中，我们不只局限于设计，还有我们的动手能力，我们在一边设计一边拆装，能够更好的了解和认识其构造及组成。所以这一次课设，主要培养了我们理论联系实际的设计理念，训练综合运用机械设计课程和其他相关课程的基础理论并结合生产实际进行分析和解决工程实际问题的能力，巩固、深化和扩展了相关机械设计方面的知识。 当然，也提高了我们动手查阅和使用标准、规范的手册和图册及相关的技术资料的能力及计算、绘图、数据处理等设计方面的能力。通过对简单的机械设计，使我们掌握了一定的机械设计的程序和方法，同时树立正确的工程设计思想，培养独立、全面、科学的工程设计能力和创新能力。更重要的是，这次课设也为我们即将到来的毕业设计做了准备，让我们提前了解了一些步骤及思路。 参考文献 [1] 卢松峰.机械设计课程设计手册.北京.中央广播电视大学出版.1998.7 [2] 陈国立,吴立言.机械设计.北京.高等教育出版社.2013.5 [3] 陈铁鸣.机械设计课程设计图册.北京.高等教育出版社.2009.4 Procedia Engineering 26 (2011) 942 9461877-7058 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2011.11.2260Available online at First International Symposium on Mine Safety Science and EngineeringTypical failure analysis and processing of belt conveyorLihua ZHAOSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Northeast Dianli University, Jilin City, Jilin Province Changchun Road 169,132012,China,Yin LINAbstractThe paper analyzes two typical failure forms of roller and conveyor at the belt conveyor, and describes the maintenance methods of prevention and elimination failures to ensure the normal operation of belt conveyor. 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of China Academy of Safety Science and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing), McGill University and University of Wollongong.Keywords: belt conveyor; conveyor deviation;roller; typical failure.1. Introduction Belt conveyor is a commonly used equipment of continuous transport, it has a high efficiency andlarge conveying capacity, simpler construction,small amount of maintenance. Can be achieved at different distances, different materials transportation. It iss widely used in mining, coal handling system in thermal power plant and other projects. Belt conveyor will often occur some typical problems in the course,this paper Based on research common typical failure of belt conveyor during use,analysis the cause offailure,proposed some effective methods to solve the problem.2. Typical faults of conveyor belt2.1. Conveyor belt deviationIn the belt conveyor, as the conveyor belt is traction components, transmit power and motion, also is carrying components, support material load. Working more complex, so at work often happen belt deviation. Deviation is the conveyor belt during operation, the center line of belt deviation the center line of conveyor. As the conveyor belt deviation may cause between the belt edge and rack wear, cause belt Lihua ZHAO. Tel: +0086-432-64822626; fax: +0086-432-64666020. Email: 943Lihua ZHAO and Yin LIN / Procedia Engineering 26 (2011) 942 946edge premature damage, Ranging impact the life of conveyors, affect the throughput of materials, Weight is caused by withdrawal material, even happen stop occurrence, direct impact on production. As the conveyor belt is more important, the most expensive parts. Its price about 25%50% to the conveyor. So analysis the reasons of belt deviation, reduce and eliminate belt deviation, It is an important part of ensure belt to work, extend equipment life. Cause the belt occurs deviation because of the following factors.2.1.1. In the device itselfa. Rack rigid is poor, large deformation under load, causing the belt deviation.b. The larger error of roller outer cylindrical, caused deviation when the conveyor belt running.c. The supporting roller rotation is not flexible, causes the conveyor belt both sides stress to be uneven, causes the conveyor belt deviation.d. The parallelism error cylindrical axis and roller axis is too big, causes the conveyor belt deviation.e. Conveyor belt itself is questionable quality, thin and thick uneven, caused a shock lead running conveyor belt deviation.f. Conveyor belt manufacturing quality have defects, the length of belt both sides edge is inconsistent,cause running conveyor belt deviation.g. Not parallel with belt connector, connection error is too big, cause belt deviation.2.1.2. Installation adjustmenta. Drive, change roller axis and conveyor centerline vertical error is too big, make conveyor and horizontal line have a bigr inclination, cause belt deviation.b. Roller axis and conveyor centerline vertical error is big, will cause belt deviation also.c. The connection strength between rack and ground is not enough, the rack unstable, causing belt deviation.d. The feeding plate of discharge trough and improperly located, both sides of the conveyor belt uneven force cause belt deviation.2.1.3. With maintenancea. The cleaning performance of sweeper is poor, make the roller cylindrical diameter local increases.b. Feeding mouth location is wrong, so that the material partial load on the conveyor belt, cause belt deviation.c. Poor maintenance and improper adjustment, resulting in the conveyor belt deviation.d. For the steel cord belt, as the manufacture of steel cord is uneven force, so that a deviation occurs in the operation, or a strong difference of belt, large elongation under load, causing the vibration, the belt will deviation.e. Also, the vibration of running conveyor belt system can cause the deviation.f. In addition, when conveying some viscous material, make the roller, etc. bonding materials, make the cylindrical diameter of roller part increases, causing belt deviation.2.2. Measures to prevent the belt deviation2.2.1. Due to equipment in the manufacture of conveyor belt causes the deviation, primarily through improved design, manufacture precision to prevent and reduce the occurrence of conveyor belt deviation.2.2.2. For installation adjust improper and daily use causes deviation, mainly the following aspects should be considered:944 Lihua ZHAO and Yin LIN / Procedia Engineering 26 (2011) 942 946Conveyor belt in drive roller or on rear rollers deviation, usually by adjusting the position of the roller bearing ways to eliminate, usually by adjusting the position of the roller bearing ways to eliminate.a.The longitudinal centerline of the roller rotation axis and conveyor is not perpendicular, resulting in the conveyor belt one side loose and the other tight, belt move from the tight side to the loose side, Occurs deviation phenomenon. Should be adjusted bearing position of the tighten deviation side. Make horizontal pull of belt equal, eliminate deviation. When tail roller is spiral tensioning,the reasons of tail deviation may be due to the top tight power of tensioning device both sides screw rod are not equal, resulting in caused by imbalance.b. Cylinder axis is not horizontal, at both ends bearing of the height difference is cause another reason of head or tail deviation. At this point, at both ends roller bearing should add and subtract shims way to leveling roller axis ,to eliminate conveyor belt deviation.c. Roller surface adhesion material, equivalent to increasing the roller local rdiameter, will cause the conveyor belt deviation, should strengthen empty segment cleaning of conveyor belt to reduce the adhesive material or dust accumulation on the conveyor belt. In addition, the conveyor belt between the nose and tail parts deviation, called central or local deviation. Such deviation reasons is more complex, it is with the conveyor belt along device exposure to a relationship. Need a detailed analysis for specific issues. Using the following methods can resolve these issues.A. Load or no-load branch roller axis with the conveyor belt running centerline is not perpendicular, causing tape at the roller deviation. Deviation ends should adjustment to the conveyor belt running direction. At this time often need to adjust the adjacent groups of rollers in order to achieve the purpose of eliminating deviation, adjusting deviation angle should not be too big.B. Conveyor belt joint with the tape centerline (trumpet) is not perpendicular, to cause the deviation, Should improved installation connection accuracy to eliminate deviation.C. If material loaded on the conveyor belt is straight; make the material block and weight distribution along bandwidth direction distribution serious inequality, cause deviation, through adjustment blanking tube and skirt plate location method to be eliminated.D. Recently, it was suggested that the method of application film for transfer partial conveyor belt, because of high manufacturing costs and some technical problems not well solved, makes this method very difficult to promote the use.3. The typical failure of roller3.1. Operation is not flexibleEach belt conveyor have lot number rollers, installation shown in Picture 1, their work status directly affects the conveyor is working. According to the actual work of conveyor, roller in the conveyor system can be classified four kinds according their efect, trough roller, parallel roller, buffer roller and self-aligning roller; according to the loads case can be divided two kinds, no-load roller and bearing roller. Trough roller use bearing branches of materials, play a supporting role and increased throughput role.Parallel roller is a long-shaped roller, for no-load branch of conveyor, to play a supporting role of no-load branch tape; buffer roller is trough roller too. Flexible support trough roller be installed on conveyor load branch, Installed in the material office. Reduce the impact of material for conveyor belt, protect the tape and support bearing. Generally based on the elastic support were divided into rubber ring and spring plate; the role of self-aligning roller is a certain degree of automatic adjustment of conveyor belt deviation, To avoid excessive wear of belt and materials scattered. In the load and no-load branch are equipped with a number of self-aligning roller. The self-aligning principle shown in Fig. 2.945Lihua ZHAO and Yin LIN / Procedia Engineering 26 (2011) 942 946Roller bearingGoods Vtape movement Direction belt belt Spherical roller ax OFig.1. Installs the schematic drawing Fig. 2. Adjusts the heart principleManufacture installation quality of roller directly affect the life and running resistance of conveyor belt. roller repair and replacement costs are also an important part of conveyor belt operating expenses. The roller operation quality for conveyor of the running resistance, power consumption, roller and belt life, maintenance workload and cost of transportation has a significant impact. Therefore, analysis method to extend the service life of rollers, also an important contents to ensure stable operation of belt conveyor, practical significance in engineering. Trough roller of belt conveyor systems used on material bearing branch, play supporting role and increased throughput role. Parallel roller is a long-shaped roller, for no-load branch of conveyor, to play a supporting role of no-load branch tape; buffer roller is trough roller too. Flexible support trough roller be installed on conveyor load branch, Installed in the material office. Reduce the impact of material for conveyor belt, protect the tape and support bearing. The role of self-aligning roller is a certain degree of automatic adjustment of conveyor belt deviation, To avoid excessive wear of belt and materials scattered. In the load and no-load branch are equipped with a number of self-aligning roller. If roller appear rotating not flexible or not turning phenomenon. The drag coefficient of roller operation by rolling into a slide, value was ten times to increase. The results will result in increased running resistance of belt conveyors, electric power consumption increases. As the roller rotation is not flexible, the friction between roller and conveyor belt by rolling friction into sliding friction, make the friction increase between the two, shorten the equipment life . Therefore, we must often replace a large number of idlers, conveyor belt, resulting in increased equipment maintenance, operating costs increased.Many factors for affect the flexibility of running rollers and life span, summarized in the following areas:a.Manufacturing quality of rollerRoller manufacturing problems mainly in the bearing stiffness is not enough, it is difficult to ensure precision of roller assembly, thereby constraining the flexibility of running roller.b.Sealed lubrication and the use of maintenanceMain factors of affect roller rotation not flexible include sealing and bearing lubrication problem. As the work environment of belt is more severe. Generally speaking, the dust are great on used site. The seal form of bearing have a great influence on the running flexibility for rollers. If sealed not well, Dirt is easy into bearing to cause the roller rotation is not flexible, In addition, bearing grease if using the general calcium base grease is easy to change color to dry, can not play a very good lubricant role.946 Lihua ZHAO and Yin LIN / Procedia Engineering 26 (2011) 942 9463.2. Solutionsa. In the roller manufacturing processes guarantee the accuracy requirements, For example, pressing bearing bore to achieve three precision, tube at both ends of dimensional tolerances, concentricity and ovality must meet national standards. The products have strict quality inspection to ensure that all products qualified.b.Sealed lubrication, in addition to manufacturing quality assurance, go with good lubricating materials, such as use of lithium-based grease, can improve the lubrication of bearings which extend the life of the roller is necessary.c.Bearing used to ball bearings support, plastic sealing ring labyrinth seal structure, this can ensure roller worked reasonable force, While ensuring dust effect good, resistance small, easy assembly and disassembly, easy to maintain, reduce conveyor operating costs.4. ConclusionWide range applications of belt conveyors, and the work environment is generally more difficult, to keep equipment running in good working condition, extend equipment life, improve the quality of operation, reduce operating costs has been the goal of engineering and technical personnel. Analyze and resolve the impact normal operation of the main problems, to ensure the good functioning of device, it is an important work of equipment maintenance. This paper analyzes the proposed method. Helpful improve site maintenance staff levels to solve practical problems, for practical project has important significance.References1yixiang Lang. Transportation machinery equipment in thermal power plant.MNortheast dianli university book; 1998.08.2lihua Zhao. Operation and Maintenance of Coal Handling System in Thermal Power Plant, J.Colliery Machine;2011,NO. 02.3lihua Zhao. Typical failure analysis and processing of belt conveyorJ.Hoisting and Conveying Machinery;2003,NO 10.4lihua Zhao. The adjustment method of conveyor belt deviation J. Colliery Machine. 2001. No.05.