Speaking to Persuade 说服性演讲高级英语选修课程—英语演讲的 ...

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1、1Brief Introduction to the Coursein Capital Medical University Guo Jing2013-5-26Course, Teacher & Students an advanced elective for juniors in their 5th semester 18 periods (2*9 weeks) for 7-year program students 36 periods (2*18 weeks ) for undergraduates The Art of Public Speaking as the textb

2、ook2 6-year teaching experience & 3-year for PS class of around 35 ss from different majors Most ss with high motivation to learn this course3Introductory Speech Persuasive Speech Informative Speech pre-class workshop for speech preparation4Teachers Feedback56on-class speech presentation7Speakin

3、g to Persuade 说服性演讲说服性演讲高级英语选修课程高级英语选修课程英语演讲的艺术英语演讲的艺术The Art of Public SpeakingGuo JingCapital Medical UniversityMay 26th, 2013Teaching Design1st period (40 min):lThe Psychology of PersuasionlThe Target AudiencelThree Types of Persuasive Speeches: analysis and organization2nd period (50 min)lMethod

4、s of Persuasion (1, 2, 4)3rd period (50 min)lFour kinds of Reasoning and fallacies89Methods of Persuasion 说服性演讲的说服方法与技巧说服性演讲的说服方法与技巧 10 “In making a speech one must study three points: first, the means of producing persuasion; second, the language; third, the proper arrangement of the various parts

5、of the speech.” Aristotle （亚里士多德）（亚里士多德）11Methods of PersuasionBuilding credibilityUsing evidenceReasoningAppealing to emotions建立信誉度建立信誉度使用证据使用证据 运用推理方法运用推理方法利用情感诉求利用情感诉求Ethos品格吸引品格吸引Logos推理折服推理折服Pathos情感打动情感打动晓之以理晓之以理动之以情动之以情12Lecture Outline1 Building Credibility 2 Using Evidence3 Appealing to Emo

6、tionsThe Art of Public Speaking4 Sample Learning and Practice131.“Within ten years, changes in technology will make todays personal computers seem hopelessly old-fashioned.” (Bill Gates)2.“Personal computers are not likely to be much different in ten years than they are today.” (Zhang Yimou)1 Buildi

7、ng Credibility 建立信誉度建立信誉度1.“Despite changes in audience values, there will always be a market for well-made kung fu films.” (Zhang Yimou)2.“There is no longer a significant market for kung fu films.” (Bill Gates)14 Credibility (ethos)： The audiences perception of whether a speaker is qualified to sp

8、eak on a given topic.15Competence: how an audience regards a speakers intelligence, expertise, and knowledge of the subject.Factors of CredibilityCharacter: how an audience regards a speakers sincerity, trustworthiness, and concern for the well-being of the audience.16Explain Your Competence!17 I ne

9、ver knew much about UFOs until I did a research project on them last year. Since then, I have read a lot more about the subject, including reports by scientists from the National Society of Extraterrestrial Studies. As a result, I have decided that the evidence strongly suggests that Earth has beena

10、nd continues to bevisited by spaceships from other planets.Explain Your Competence stress study and research 18 I spent last year in the United States. Not only did I become much better in my use of English, but I made so many new friends and learned so much about American culture. Today I want to p

11、ersuade all of you to do everything you can to participate in some kind of study-abroad program.Explain Your Competence emphasize background and personal experience19Establish Common Ground with Your Audience!Dale Carnegie（戴尔（戴尔卡内基）卡内基） 20 there are many differences among the people in this class. w

12、e all share one thing in commonwe are all concerned with the quality of education at this school. Whether we like it or not, we have a problema problem that affects each of us. This morning I would like to discuss this problem and whether it can be solved by an increase in tuition.Example Speech: co

13、mmon perceptionscontroversial ideas21Deliver Your Speeches Fluently, Expressively, and with Conviction!22 2 Using Evidence 使用证据使用证据evidencestatisticstestimonyexamplesbrief examplesextended exampleshypothetical examplessingle statisticsmultiple statisticsexpert testimonypeer testimony23 “Lots of peop

14、le in China suffer from diabetes.” “According to statistics in Shanghai Daily, more than 80 million Chinese have some form of diabetes.” Use Specific EvidenceUse Novel EvidenceUse Evidence from Credible Sources243 Appealing to Emotions 运用情感诉求运用情感诉求sadafraidangryproudhappy ? of serious illness, of na

15、tural disasters, of economic hardship. ? for people with disabilities, for neglected animals, for starving children, for victims of fraud. ? in ones country, in ones hometown, in ones family, in ones school, ones personal accomplishments. ? at terrorists and their supporters, at unethical business l

16、eaders, at corrupt officials, at vandals and thieves. ? for an admired person, for traditions and institutions, for ones cultural heritage.25fearcompassionprideangerreverenceTips: using emotional language (rhythm) developing vivid examples speaking with sincerity and conviction using appropriate emo

17、tional appeals in speeches on questions of policy.26Never Substitute Emotional Appeals for Facts and Logic!27Barack Obama “Many factors contributed to Barack Obamas election as President of the United States, but none was more important than his remarkable gifts as an orator.”The Art of Public Speak

18、ing28Nov. 4th, 2008 ChicagoVictory Speech This is Your Victory29Q: How did Obama apply “using evidence” and “appealing to emotions” in this selected speech?30using evidenceShe was there for the buses in Montgomery, the hoses in Birmingham, a bridge in Selma, A man touched down on the moon, a wall ca

19、me down in Berlin, a world was connected by our own science and imagination. 1. appropriate and vivid examples1）brief examplesObama style with 3 short parallel structures31using evidenceAnn Nixon Cooper is 106 years old. She was born just a generation past slavery. .when there were no cars on the ro

20、ad or planes in the sky; when someone like her couldnt vote for two reasons - because she was a woman and because of the color of her skin. she saw a nation conquer fear itself with a New Deal, new jobs and a new sense of common purpose. Yes we can. she knows how America can change. Yes we can. 1. a

21、ppropriate and vivid examples2）extended examples32using evidenceShe was there for the buses in Montgomery, the hoses in Birmingham, a bridge in Selma, and a preacher from Atlanta who told a people that We Shall Overcome. Yes we can. 2. smart testimony/quotationthe name of the song from Joan Baez (琼琼

22、贝兹贝兹) during the Civil Rights Movements in 1963 33appealing to emotions1. emotional language with rhythm to reinforce the message. 1) Parallelism and Repetition 排比与反复排比与反复At a time when womens voices were silenced and their hopes dismissed, she lived to see them stand up and speak out and reach for

23、the ballot. Yes we can. When there was despair in the dust bowl and depression across the land, she saw a nation conquer fear itself with a New Deal, new jobs and a new sense of common purpose. Yes we can. When the bombs fell on our harbor and tyranny threatened the world, she was there to witness a

24、 generation rise to greatness and a democracy was saved. Yes we can. 34appealing to emotions2）Alliteration 头韵头韵And tonight, I think about all that shes seen throughout her century in America - the heartache and the hope; she lived to see them stand up and speak out and reach for the ballot 1. emotio

25、nal language with rhythm to reinforce the message. 35appealing to emotions3）Antithesis 对偶对偶And tonight, I think about all that shes seen throughout her century in America - the heartache and the hope; the struggle and the progress; through the best of times and the darkest of hours, she knows how Am

26、erica can change. Yes we can. 1. emotional language with rhythm to reinforce the message. 36appealing to emotions1) small words that are easy for ordinary people to understand2) moderate speed of speaking3) vocal variety in a lively and animated manner4) confident facial expressions and gestures2. d

27、elivery with sincerity, trustworthiness and convinction37Its Your Turn to Practice！381.To persuade my audience that we should clean our tongues while brushing our teeth everyday. Topics for group work392. To persuade my audience to use WeChat immediately.Topics for group work40Topics for group work3

28、. To persuade my audience to choose double-eyelid surgery to beautify themselves.411.To persuade my audience that we should brush tongue while brushing our teeth everyday. 2.To persuade my audience to use WeChat immediately.3.To persuade my audience to choose double-eyelid surgery to beautify eyes.

29、Topics for group work42Materials for Further Learning Videos20012001年年7 7月月1313日日杨澜女士中国申奥演讲杨澜女士中国申奥演讲Cultural Programs and the 2008 Olympic Games20122012年年9 9月月4 4日，美国第一夫人米歇尔日，美国第一夫人米歇尔在民主党全国代表大会上发表演讲在民主党全国代表大会上发表演讲 Michelle Obamas Speech to the Democratic National Convention43Materials for Further Learning Books44Assignment select a topic for a persuasive speech collect information about it note the references from different resources prepare a 5-min speech with manuscript and visual aid(s) and rehearse it in advance bring it with you on the presentation class45Thank you!