产品自动打标机上下料机构设计
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任 务 书
设计（论文）题目：
产品自动打标机上下料机构设计
学生姓名：
学 号：
专 业：
所在学院：
指导教师：
职 称：
年 月 日
任务书填写要求
1．毕业设计（论文）任务书由指导教师根据各课题的具体情况填写，经学生所在专业的负责人审查、系（院）领导签字后生效。此任务书应在毕业设计（论文）开始前一周内填好并发给学生。
2．任务书内容必须用黑墨水笔工整书写，不得涂改或潦草书写；或者按教务处统一设计的电子文档标准格式（可从教务处网页上下载）打印，要求正文小4号宋体，1.5倍行距，禁止打印在其它纸上剪贴。
3．任务书内填写的内容，必须和学生毕业设计（论文）完成的情况相一致，若有变更，应当经过所在专业及系（院）主管领导审批后方可重新填写。
4．任务书内有关“学院”、“专业”等名称的填写，应写中文全称，不能写数字代码。学生的“学号”要写全号，不能只写最后2位或1位数字。
5．任务书内“主要参考文献”的填写，应按照《金陵科技学院本科毕业设计（论文）撰写规范》的要求书写。
6．有关年月日等日期的填写，应当按照国标GB/T 7408—94《数据元和交换格式、信息交换、日期和时间表示法》规定的要求，一律用阿拉伯数字书写。如“2002年4月2日”或“2002-04-02”。
毕 业 设 计（论 文）任 务 书
1．本毕业设计（论文）课题应达到的目的：
通过毕业设计，可使同学学会机械装备设计的基本方法，帮助他们熟悉机械设计的基本理论与协同设计的程序，为今后走上工作岗位作好准备。
2．本毕业设计（论文）课题任务的内容和要求（包括原始数据、技术要求、工作要求等）：
产品尺寸：长200mm宽200mm高100mm，
生产率10件/min，
打印头与产品接触时有1秒停歇，压力500N以保证产品的印字清晰
毕 业 设 计（论 文）任 务 书
3．对本毕业设计（论文）课题成果的要求〔包括图表、实物等硬件要求〕：
设计说明书一份
上下料机构装配图1张
零件图若干
开题报告及中英文翻译各1份
4．主要参考文献：
[1] 刘守勇. 机械制造工艺与夹具.北京：机械工业出版社， 1994.
[2] 杨昕. 气动打标系统的分析与研究[J].湖南农机，2007
[3]孙玉芹等主编．机械精度设计基础[M]．科学出版社，2004．
[4]谢红,张建刚,高志清. 新型常用机构的设计[J].机械设计与制造. 2001(03).
[5]大连理工大学工程画教研室编著．机械制图（第四版）[M]．高等教育出版社，2002．
[6]刘震北.液压元件制造工艺学[M].哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学出版社，1992.
[7]何元庚. 组合机构特征及其判别[J].机械设计与研究. 2005(06).
[8]阎石. 数字电子技术基础（第四版）[M].北京：高等教育出版社，1998.
[9]大连机床研究所.组合机床设计[M].北京：机械工业出版社，1966-1
[10]史新明. 机械设计基础.2版.南京：东南大学出版社，2008.
[11]王先逵.机械制造工艺学[M].北京：机械工业出版社，2004-5
[12]大连理工大学工程画教研室编著．机械制图（第四版）[M]．高等教育出版社，2002．
毕 业 设 计（论 文）任 务 书
5．本毕业设计（论文）课题工作进度计划：
20xx.12.16-20xx.1.10 领任务书、开题
20xx.2.25-2.16.3.9 毕业实习调研，完成开题报告、中英文翻译、论文大纲
20xx.3.19-20xx.4.25 提交论文草稿，4月中旬中期检查
20xx.4.26-20xx.5.6 提交论文定稿
20xx.5.6-20xx.5.13 准备答辩
20xx.5.13-20xx.5.26 答辩，成绩评定，修改完成最终稿
所在专业审查意见：
通过
负责人： 20xx 年 12 月 25 日
纺织机械发展概况
纺织机械是为纺织工业生产建设服务的一种行业，我国纺织工业发展的设备基础，从建国开始就明确立足于国内的原则，目前我国棉纺设备总量超过4千万锭，织机总量超过100万台，拥有量均居世界第1位，其中90％以上由国内自行制造提供。我国纺织机械工业经过40多年的努力，已能自己生产棉纺、毛纺、麻纺、丝绢、织造、染整、化纤、针织、非织造布、服装等纺织机械和纺织专用仪器、器材等15个行业1700多个品种的成套设备，形成了一定的能力规模和制造体系。但从总体上讲，我国纺织机械和国际先进水平相比，仍有着较大的差距，品种、质量和设备的成套水平，远远跟不上我国纺织工业发展的新形势，具体表现在低水平设备的生产能力有余，高水平设备的生产能力不足或还不能生产，需要改进提高。
纺织机械是纺织纤维加工的专用机械，各类纤维从原料处理、生产到制成在市场销售的纺织成品有着各自的加工特征和加工系统，具有工艺流程长、工艺技术复杂、机械设备成套性强，在长时间连续运转条件下，为保证纺织产品质量，设备必须具有高可靠性、稳定性和一致性。
（1）工艺流程长、工艺技术复杂、设备成套性强。纺织产品的加工工艺基本原理是将纤维原料均匀喂入，进行开松、除杂、混和、梳理成条、混和并条、粗纺、精纺成为纱线；再将纱线经过络筒、整理、浆纱、穿筘、织造或针织成布，然后将布经炼漂、染色或印花、后整理加工制成服装用面料、衬里以及其他不同的用途。除了前后道生产主机的成套性要求外，还需要有一系列辅机和检测仪器的配套，如整个流程的通风、吸尘、滤尘、落纱设备等等。为使一个纺织工厂能投入正常、稳定生产，所用设备必须前后、左右相互配套，衔接工艺要求。由于成套纺织机械品种多，关键零部件和专件多，批量大，不可能在一、二个企业中组织成套生产。所以纺织机械工业在开始创建时不仅重视成套设备的开发，又按成台机械、专配件进行专业化分工，在全国范围内采取协作成套的原则组织生产。与此同时，重视了纺织机械的标准化、通用化和系列化并形成系统，对实现专业分工、全国配套工作起着推动和促进作用。
（2）可靠性、稳定性、一致性要求高。纺织工业生产特点之一是普遍采用日夜三班连续运转的方式，部分化纤设备要求年连续运转8000h不中断。纺织机械在长期连续运转条件下必须可靠、稳定。即机械的无故障率要高，运转要稳定。以染色机械为例，在同批坯布和染料条件下，须具有速度、压力、温度、液流等工艺参数的较高稳定性，以防止成品出现色差、掉色或染色不匀等缺陷。铸铁件在纺织机械零件中目前仍占有较大比重（纺机、织机一般达40％～60％），铸件一般是壁薄、形状复杂、要求表面光洁，少沾纤维和便于清扫。制造工艺水平是保证整台机械的稳定性和一致性的前提，现代纺织机械要通过整机装配和机械运转，验证其能否符合“三性”要求，从而保证出厂机械的质量。
（3）工业卫生和三废防治要求高。在纺织工业生产过程中一般会产生粉尘和飞花（棉毛麻等短纤维），如不加以处理，会严重污染生产环境，损害操作人员的身体健康，影响产品质量，甚至有可能发生粉尘燃爆事故，造成人身伤亡和财产损失。
（A）以下，努力降低生产车间的总体噪声。在化纤和印染生产过程中会产生工业废水、废液，造成环境污染，要求纺织机械做到少排放、多回收利用。
随着纺织工业的发展，从70年代开始，国际纺织品由一般产品向优质、高档、高附加值产品的方向发展，从而推动各种优质、高效、自动化程度高、用人少的新型纺织机械的研究开发，进一步促进和加快纺织机械的技术进步。当前各大类纺织机械的发展趋势大体如下。
（1）纺纱机械继续向优质、高产、高效和连续化、自动化方向发展。如棉纺机械普遍采用多包细抓、均匀混和、逐渐开松、多梳少打、杂质早落、少伤纤维的抓、清梳联合机，全过程采用计算机监测、监控，梳棉配置复合式自调匀整装置以保证生条的均匀度。近几年，工业发达国家为实现纺纱行业由劳动密集型向技术密集型方向转变，纺纱机械的连续化、自动化得到迅速提高，如自动开棉包和连续抓棉、开清梳联合机和细纱络筒联合机，梳棉、精梳、并条、粗纱和细纱之间已实现了工序间无人运输车或吊挂装置将半成品送到下道工序的自动运输系统，初步满足了无人或少人纺纱车间的需要。此外，转杯纺纱机、平行纺纱机、摩擦纺纱机和喷气纺纱机等新型纺纱机械近年发展迅速，日趋成熟。
（2）织造机械由于无梭织机具有入纬率高、优质、高效、品种适应性广、噪声低等优点，已成为世界各国采用的主要机型。此外，计算机辅助纹织设计，电子多臂和电子提花装置的推广应用也是织造技术现代化的发展趋势。针织机械随着针织品的发展，近年来在性能、速度和机电一体化水平方面有很大提高，微机控制织物花型已普遍采用。
（3）染整机械的发展趋势是在广泛应用电子技术基础上强化染整工艺条件的实现，在整个生产过程中加强在线检测，进一步自动控制生产工艺条件，向优质、高效、多功能、小浴比、节能和减少公害方向发展。整理机械主要是发挥化学整理和机械整理的特点，有时是相互交替，增添整理功能，为提高织物档次、改善织物服用性能和满足特殊功能的要求，进一步提高织物的附加值。
（4）化学纤维的发展是开发新品种、高质量、多功能、仿真和高附加值产品。化学纤维机械中合成纤维机械的发展趋势是继续向高速、高效、大容量、短流程、自动化方向发展，使纤维生产达到稳产、高产、少人操作、便于变换产品品种。粘胶纤维机械向连续、自动化、高速、大容量、节能和少污染方向发展。我国化纤机械为提高技术水平，需结合我国国情重点发展：1）开发大生产能力腈纶成套设备。在完成干法腈纶成套设备的同时，进一步开发二步法湿法腈纶纺丝成套设备；2）开发生产涤纶差别化纤维和微细纤维、超细纤维的成套设备以及年产3万t能力的涤纶成套设备；3）开发年生产能力5000t的锦纶6聚合、纺丝成套设备；4）开发新型锦、涤纶工业用丝成套设备；5）开发年生产能力2万t的粘胶短纤维前处理和纺丝生产线以及新型粘胶长丝设备。加快企业自身技术改造，应用现代制造技术和加工设备，掌握现代企业管理方法，能根据市场需要，努力开发新的纺织机械产品，及时提供水平高又符合我国国情的纺织机械，更好地为我国纺织工业的现代化服务。
Development of spinning and weaving machinery
Spinning and weaving machinery is to be that textile industry produces the industry that construction serves, equipment basis that our country textile industry develops, from building up a country beginning to keep a foothold in domestic principle definitely, our country cotton spinning equipment all quantity exceeds 40 million ingots at present , loom all quantity exceeds 1 million , own amounts occupy the 1st world without exception , provide among them above 90% from in the homeland proper motion fabrication. Our country spinning and weaving mechanical industry by efforts made for more than 40 years, already can self have produced cotton spinning , wool spinning , bast fibre spinning , silk 15 industry more than 1,700 breed complete sets of equipment such as thin tough silk , instrument , equipment and material weaving , dyeing the round number , chemical fiber , spinning and weaving machinery and spinning and weaving special use knitting , must weave cloth , uniforms , etc., have formed certain ability scale and have created system. Our country spinning and weaving machinery and advanced international level are compared with each other , still are have bigger gap but from talking as a whole,breed , mass and equipment level in complete set, cannot keep abreast with the new circumstances that our country textile industry develops over, the efficiency showing concretely in low level equipment is odd , high tone equipment efficiency is insufficient or can not give birth to a child , need to improve rise.
spinning and weaving machinery is the special use machinery that spinning and weaving fibre
processes , the finished product fibre of all kinds is produced from the material handling, to manufacturing spinning and weaving selling in marketplace has the respective treating characteristic and processes system, have the process flow is long , the technology is complicated , the machinery equipment complete set is strong, under longtime continuous duty condition, be ensure that spinning and weaving product quality , equipment must have high reliability , stability and compatibility.
(1) process flow is long , the technology is complicated , the equipment complete set is strong. Spinning and weaving product treating handicraft basal principle is that fibre raw material is entered homogeneously hey , carry out an opening , comb able strip , blend drawing out , the roving except miscellaneous , blending,spinning become yarn; Again, yarn is tempered with fire by that spooling, arranging , the sizing , denting , the cloth weaving or knitting Cheng, will spread classics then bleaching , is arranges manufacture a clothing from plus material , lining and other different use of treating behind dyeing or the revenue stamp. Except that the front and back says that the complete set producing a lead plane's demands, need to forming a complete set having a series of auxiliary engine and detecting instrument, if entire technological process ventilation , dust absorption, filter dust , doff equipment etc. Be made a spinning and weaving factory can throw into giving birth to a child, regular , stable by be made a spinning and weaving factory can throw into giving birth to a child regular , stable, technological requirements. Key component and part and the end document are many , batches are big since the spinning and weaving machinery breed in complete set is many,organization gives birth to a child in complete set impossibly in one, two enterprise. Therefore spinning and weaving mechanical industry establishes the exploitation taking complete sets of equipment seriously now and then not only in beginning, the accessory carries out division of labour on the basis of specialization according to becoming platform machinery , end , adopts the principle organization in complete set who cooperates within the whole nation range giving birth to a child. Meanwhile, have taken spinning and weaving machinery normalizing seriously , be applied or used universally-rization preparing the system being seriated and taking form, the whole nation supporting job are playing drive and promote role to realizing division of labour based on specialization.
(2) reliability , stabilities , compatibility demand height. That textile industry produces one of characteristic is common adopt Class Three continuous duty way , part chemical fiber equipment demand annual continuous duty 8000 hs blocks of wood be interrupted day and night. Spinning and weaving machinery must reliable , stabilize under long range continuous duty condition. The fault-free rates being machinery ask height , the travel to need to stabilize. Take dyeing machinery as example , must have
higher technological parameter stabilities such as speed , pressure , the temperature , liquid stream, to prevent from chromatic aberration , defects such as fading or dyeing not dividing evenly appearing on finished product under same batch of grey cloth and dyestuff condition. At present still, iron casting occupies bigger specific gravity (spinning machine , amounts to 40% ~ like the loom in spinning and weaving machinery parts 60%), be wall like casting slightly, the form is complicated , require that outside is bright and clean, stop being stained with fibre and easy to clean. Creating technological level is to swear to rectify platform the machinery stability and compatibility premise , modern spinning and weaving machinery is going to work by complete machine assembling and machinery, mass verifying whose being able to conform to "three nature " requests , to swear to leave the factory thereby or not machinery.
(3)Prevention and cure demands industrial hygienes and the three wastes highly. May produce dust and flying (the linter hemp waits for a staple), if not handling in general in textile industry procedure of production, meeting contaminate a production environment gravely, damage operation personnel good health , affect product quality, be in the cards dust happened burning exploding even the accident, brings about person casualties and property loss. (A) the following , effort reduce the noise producing workshop's population. The meeting produces the industrial sewage , waste liquid , brings about environmental pollution in chemical fiber and printing and dyeing procedure of production, require that spinning and weaving machinery achieves stopping discharging , many reclaim make use of.
With the development of textile industry, begin from the seventies, the textile goods faces an international from general product high grade , top grade , the high value-added products direction develop , drive various high grade thereby, high-effect, automation degree is high , little servant new model spinning and weaving machinery research and development , further, promotes and accelerates spinning and weaving machinery technological progress. Currently respectively big kind spinning and weaving machinery developing trend cardinal principle as follows.
(1) spinning machinery continues to high grade , high yield , the high-effect sum melts in a row , automation direction develops. Adopt to wrap up the thin grasping , blending homogeneously , combing gradually open pine , many stop since foreign substance is caducous, few wound fibre , blowing-carding machine much if cotton spinning machinery is common, the entire proceeding adopt a computer monitor, supervisory control, combs cottton from homogenizing the entire device deploying compound style to swear to grow degree of homogeneity. The industrialized country is that the reason is labor-intensive over the past few years, realize the industry spinning change to technology-intensive direction, the spinning machinery continuation melt, have automated to get prompt rise , have turned on the blowing-carding machine and the spun yarn spooling combined machine if the automation opens a bale of cotton and grasps cotton in a row, have combed cottton , have already have realized nobody's working procedure room transport cart between combing , drawing out , low count yarn and spun yarn or have said that the working procedure automation has transported system , the first step has satisfied need of unmanned or few person spinning workshop under hanging a device delivering the semi-finished product to. New model spinning machinery such as besides, rotating the cup spinning machine , the spinning machine of equal rank , rubbing the spinning machine and the jet spinning machine is be expanding by leaps and bounds in the late years , day by day mature.
(2) weaving machinery is had because of the shuttleless loom entering rates latitude height , high grade, high-effect, breed adaptability is broad , noise waits for merit low, already become the main model that all the countries in the world adopts. Besides, computer-aid lines weaves design , many arms of electron and electron jacquard weave device application and dissemination are also to weave the developing trend that the technology modernizes. Knit machinery with the development of knitted fabric , have very big rise in recent years in the field of function , speed and integration of machinery with electronics level, the type controlling the fabric flower adopt PC already commonly.
(3)That dyes entire machinery developing trend is to strengthen the realization acquiring entire technological conditions on extensive use electron technology basis , reinforce online detecting in entire procedure of production, autocontrol produces technological conditions further , develop to high grade , high-effect , multifunctional , small bath ratio , energy conservation and decrease social effect of pollution direction.
Arranging machinery is that bringing a chemistry into play arranging prepares the characteristic that machinery arranges , is to be superseded mutually , to add to arrange a function sometimes mainly , is to improve the fabric grade , to improve fabric wearability and to satisfy the functional peculiar request , improves the fabric additional value further.
(4)Development of chemical fibre is the high value-added products developing the new breed , height mass , multifunctional , simulated sum. That diamars machinery developing trend is to continue developing to high speed , high-effect , high-capacity , short technological process , automation direction in chemical fibre machinery, makes fibre produce the reach the dependable crop , high yield , little person operation , easy to shift a product breed. Machinery prepares a viscose to continuation , automation , high speed , high-capacity , energy conservation stopping contaminating direction developing. Our country chemical fiber machinery is to improve engineering level , needs developing combining with our national condition priority: 1) develops big efficiency acrylic complete sets of equipment. While being completed doing law acrylic complete sets of equipment, wet process acrylic spinning complete sets of equipment developing two footwork further; 2) develops fibre and tiny fibre producing polyester difference-rization , surpasses thin fibrous complete sets of equipment and annual output of 30,000 t ability polyester complete sets of equipment; 3) 6 polymerization developing annual efficiency 5000 ts polyamide fibre , spinning complete sets of equipment; 4) develops the new model brocade , polyester industry uses silk complete sets of equipment; The year handles 5) exploitation in the efficiency 20,000 ts viscoses staple front preparing the spinning production line and new model viscose filament yarn equipment. Accelerate enterprise oneself changes its technology , apply the modern fabrication technology and process equipment, have modern enterprise office procedure in hand , can need according to the marketplace, the product making great efforts to develop new spinning and weaving machinery, provides level height in time according with our national condition spinning and weaving machinery , the modernization being our country textile industry better serves.
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