高三英语复习 虚拟语气学案

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虚拟语气 类别 用法 例句 if引 导的 条件 从句 与现在事实相反 从句动词：过去式（be用were）；主句动词：should/would/could/might +动词原形 If he were here, he would help us. 与过去事实相反 从句动词：had +过去分词；主句动词：should/would/could/might +have +过去分词 If I had been free, I would have visited you. 与将来事实相反 从句动词：过去式/should +动词原形/were +不定式；主句动词:should/would/could/might +动词原形 If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping. 其他状语从句 as if 引导的状语从句中动词用过去式或过去完成式 They are talking as if they had been friends for years. even if/though 引导的从句, 与现在将来/事实相反:从句动词用过去式,主句动词用should/would +动词原形。与过去事实相反:从句动词：had +过去分词；主句动词：should/would +have +过去分词 Even if they were to fail, they wouldn’t lose courage. 宾语从句 demand, suggest, order, insist等表命令、建议、要求后的从句中动词（should）+动词原形 He suggested that we not change our mind. wish后的从句中分别用过去式、过去完成式和could/would+动词原形表示与现在、过去和将来情况相反 I wish I could be a pop singer. 主语从句 在It is necessary/important/strange that…, It is suggested/demanded/ordered/requested that…等从句中，谓语动词用（should）+动词原形 It is strange that such a person should be our friends. 表语从句和同位语从句 作idea, advice, order, demand, request等表命令、建议、要求的词的表语从句和同位语从句，其谓语动词用（should）+动词原形 My advice is that you (should) finish your homework first. The idea that you (should) go is right. 其他句型中 It is time that…句型中动词用过去式或should+动词原形 It’s high time that we left. would rather所接的从句中动词用过去式或者过去完成式 I would rather you stayed at home now. If only句型中动词常用过去式或者过去完成式，表示强烈的愿望 If only our dream had come true! 二 其他要注意的事项 1. 虚拟语气中出现be的过去式，只能用were。 2. suggest表 “暗示、表明”和 insist表示 “坚持认为”,其后的宾语从句用陈述句语气。 例如：You pale face suggests that you are ill. / He insisted that he was right. 3. if虚拟语气条件句中如有had, should, were，可省略if, 将其提前引起倒装。 例如：Were I you, I would remain. / Had you told me earlier, I wouldn’t have missed it. 4. 可用with, but for代替虚拟语气条件句。 例如：But for your help. I would have failed the exam. Without air there would be no life. as if/though, even if/though也可以不用虚拟，表示真实的情况。 例如：It looks as if it is going to rain. II、实战演练 用所给动词的适当形式填空 ---If he ________________ (warn), he ________________ (not take) that food. ---Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _________________ (break). I would rather they _________________ (not hear) of the news. I wish I _______________ (have) a room of my own when I was a child. To the surprise of the public, the identification of the cause of such a simple event ___________________ (take) more than a year. Without air to hold some of the sun’s heat, the earth at night _______________ (be) freezing cold, too cold for us to stay. If I had worked harder at school, I _____________________(sit) in a comfortable office now. Her pale face suggested that she _____________ (be) ill, and her colleagues suggested that she _____________ (have) a medical examination. I insisted he ____________ (go) to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing __________ (be) wrong with him. He asks that he _______________ (give) an opportunity to explain why he’s refused to go there. It is high time we _____________ (get) down to discussing this plan. If it were not for the fact that you ___________ (be) too busy, I would ask you to help me do this right now. Who do you suggest __________________ (send) to work there? I would have come earlier, but I ________________ (not know) that you were waiting for me. If it _______________ (rain) tomorrow, the outing would be cancelled.