2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解精练（2）.doc

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2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解精练（2） 文化教育型阅读(一) A few years ago, I took a sightseeing trip to Washington，D.C.Standing outside the Ronald Reagan Center, I heard a voice say, “Can you help me？” When I turned around, I saw an elderly blind woman with her hand extended (伸展)．In a natural reflex (反射), I reached into my pocket, pulled out all of my loose change and placed it on her hand without even looking at her.I was annoyed at being bothered by a beggar.But the blind woman smiled and said, “I don’t want your money.I just need help finding the post office.” In an instant, I realized what I had done.I judged another person simply for what I assumed she had to be.I hated what I saw in myself.This incident reawakened my belief in humility (谦恭), even though I’d lost it for a moment. The thing I had forgotten about myself is that I am an immigrant(移民)．I left Honduras and arrived in the U．S.at the age of 15.I started my new life with two suitcases, my brother and sister, and a strong, seriousminded mother.Through the years, I have been a dishwasher, mechanic and pizza delivery driver among many other humble (卑微的) jobs, and eventually I became a network engineer. In my own life, I have experienced many open acts of prejudice.I remember a time, at age 17, I worked as a waiter, and I heard a father tell his little boy that if he did not do well in school, he would end up like me.I have also witnessed the same treatment of my family and friends, so I know what it’s like, and I should have known better. But now, living in my American middleclass lifestyle, it is too easy to forget my past, to forget who I am and where I have been, and to lose sight of where I want to be going.That blind woman on the streets of Washington，D.C., cured me of my blindness.She reminded me of my belief in humility and to always keep my eyes and heart open.By the way, I helped that lady to the post office.And in writing this essay, I hope to thank her for the priceless lesson. (　　)1.We can learn from the first two paragraphs that________. A．the author regretted his act of prejudice B．the blind woman needed the money badly C．the author was as poor as the blind woman D．the author was a native American (　　)2.According to Paragraph 4, hearing the father’s words, the author was probably________. A．rather hurt B．very excited C．deeply moved D．greatly inspired (　　)3.According to the passage, the author probably agrees that one should________. A．be nice to the elderly and the disabled B．try to experience different kinds of life C．treat others equally with love and respect D．think about one’s past as often as possible (　　)4.According to the passage, how many statements are TRUE? a．I was not born in America. b．I was impatient with the blind woman at first. c．I wouldn’t like to help the blind woman at all. d．I have a rather rich life now. e．I once was ashamed of my first jobs. A．2. B．3.C．4. D．5. (　　)5.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．Learn from your past B．How my dream es true C．A belief that will never change D．A priceless lesson in the street 【解析】一位上了年纪的女盲人在街头向作者求助，作者却想当然地认为她是在乞讨。之后作者知道自己错了，羞愧难当，经深刻反省后，端正了思想认识。 　　1．A　事实推理题。根据第二段前两句In an instant, I realized what I had done.和I judged another...she had to be.再联系第四段acts of prejudice可知，作者知道自己错了，不该带着偏见行事，瞧不起穷人。 　　2．A　推理判断题。根据第四段第二句I remember a time...end up like me.可知，当时那个小孩的父亲把作者当成了反例来教育孩子，作者可能受到了很大的伤害。 　　3．C　推理判断题。帮助盲人这件事并不大，但作者深刻反省，认识到不应该对弱势群体持有偏见。C项说法与作者的意图一致。 4．C　细节理解题。从第三段第一、二句话可知a正确，从最后一句话可知e正确，从第一段可知b正确，从最后一段可知d正确，从本文最后的结果可知作者后来帮助了那个失明的老妇人，故c叙述有误，故本题答案为C。 　　5．D　归纳标题题。主要根据在末段第二、三句That blind woman…of my blindness.She reminded me...and heart open. 关键词语是末段第二句的on the streets和最后一句的the priceless lesson。 文化教育型阅读(二) Just what is a tiger mother? Amy Chua is a law professor at America’s Yale University and her recent book on the subject is making waves.She’s been called “dangerous”， “outrageous”， even a “monster” for her descriptions of how she brought up her two daughters. Her book Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother describes fighting with a daughter for hours at the piano to ensure the child gets a piece of music right.She rejected birthday cards made for her by her girls because she didn’t think they had made enough effort.She pared one child negatively with the other, threatening to burn their toys.Her rules include: schoolwork always es first; an Aminus is a bad grade; children must be two years ahead of their classmates in math, and playing the violin or the piano is a must. Ms. Chua considers the Chinese hard work ethic as a way of creating happy, successful children—at least in her case.Although she’s had a large amount of flak for her theories, one thing can’t be ignored—the success of Chinese children in the education system. In Britain, shocking research shows that Chinese girls, for example, are outperforming all other foreign groups at GCSE—79 percent getting 5 A—C Grades, pared with 58 percent of white British girls.So what is it about Chinese parenting that’s leading to high achievers? And how do Amy Chua’s theories play into that success? She told me that if her daughter came back from school with 96/100 in a test, Chua would ask her what happened to the other 4 points.It’s about always knowing “you can do better”， she told me. Interestingly, in China, the birthplace of the tiger mother, people are moving away from traditional Chinese parenting. They are following more western parenting styles. (　　)1.After reading Amy Chua’s recent book, the public ________. A．feel very sorry for their own children B．consider her a very successful mother C．realize their methods of bringing up children are wrong D．don’t think highly of her methods of bringing up her children (　　)2.What can we learn about Amy Chua according to Paragraph 2? A．She is very strict with her children. B．She doesn’t think her children are clever. C．She is very interested in playing the piano. D．She knows playing is important to children. (　　)3.Paragraph 4 shows that ________. A．Chinese parents don’t think grades are very important B．Chinese children are cleverer than British children C．Chinese parents are proud of their children D．Chinese children do well in their study (　　)4.The underlined word “flak” in the third paragraph probably means“________”． A．attention B．criticism C．curiosity D．contribution (　　)5.It can be inferred from the text that ________. A．Amy Chua will change her methods B．Amy Chua considers her methods useful C．Amy Chua’s children don’t love their mother D．Amy Chua’s children prefer western parenting styles 【解析】Amy Chua写了一本关于教育她的孩子的书，书里面的内容引起了轰动，因为她的教育方法太严厉了。 　　1．D　推理判断题。根据第一段可推断出大众对Amy Chua的教育方法评价不高。 　　2．A　推理判断题。根据第二段可知Amy Chua对她的孩子很严厉。 　　3．D　细节理解题。根据第四段中…Chinese girls，for example，are outperforming all other foreign groups at GCSE—79 percent getting 5 A—C Grades...可知中国的孩子学习成绩比较好。 4．B　词义猜测题。尽管她因为她的教育理论受到了很多批评，但是有一点不容忽视——中国孩子在教育上的成功。 5．B　推理判断题。根据第三段中Ms. Chua considers the Chinese hard work ethic as a way of creating happy，successful children...可推断出Amy Chua认为她的教育方法很有用。 科普知识（阅读理解）由 (xx河北石家庄高三质检二)改编 Fish have different personalities which change as they experience life’s highs and lows according to British biologists. Researchers identified different“personalities”in their fish by observing the boldness or shyness of individuals,according to The Nature.Like people,some fish are very confident in the face of novelty(新奇事物)or conflict;while others are silent and shy. The scientists selected particularly bold and shy rainbow trout,and tested whether they changed their outlook depending on what life threw at them.They arranged some fish to fight and others to watch to see how both the participants and observers responded to victories and defeats.Winning or losing a fight,or even watching fellow fish overe the difficulties influenced the future behavior of the creatures studied in the lab. The researchers made fish pete with much larger or smaller opponents to ensure that they would win or lose their fights.These bold fish that won their fights tended to be even bolder when later presented with a novel food item;losing their fight caused them to be much more cautious. Fish also learn by watching others.Bold fish watching a shy fish exploring a mystery object were much more nervous when later given a novelty item for themselves. Predictably,shy fish that won a fight also gained more confidence,but surprisingly,shy fish that lost their fights also grew bolder when exploring strange new food,Sneddon said,adding that this could be due to what she calls a “desperado effect”(亡命徒效应). The new research suggests that animals can gradually adapt their personalities.The results echo the effects that life experience can have on human. 1.What does the underlined word “creatures”probably refer to?(　　) A.Fish. B.Participants. C.Observers. D.Researchers. 2.The third paragraph of the text is mainly about 　　　. A.a conclusion of the research B.an explanation of fish characters C.a statement of the experiment D.a description of fish fights 3.What can we know from the research?(　　) A.Bold losing fish bee bolder when presented with a novel food item. B.Losing their fights causes the bold fish to be much more courageous. C.Bold fish watching a shy fish exploring a mystery get less nervous. D.Shy fish losing fights grow more confident in exploring new food. 4.What’s the main idea of the text?(　　) A.Fish have stress in the fierce fights. B.Fish care about winning or losing a fight. C.Fish have adaptable personalities. D.Fish can learn a lot by watching others. 语篇解读:英国的生物学家通过实验证明,“鱼”具有适应能力很强的特性,向我们揭开了鱼的世界的奥秘。 答案及剖析:1.A　词义猜测题。由画线单词所在的句子...or even watching fellow fish overe the difficulties influenced the future behavior of the creatures...可知,打斗的双方和观战的全是鱼,故选A项。 2.C　主旨大意题。由文章内容可知,作者先表明实验对象(虹鳟鱼),实验目的(whether they changed their outlook...),实验过程(鱼相互打斗,有观战鱼),实验结论(...influenced the future behavior of...),由此可知C项正确。 3.D　细节理解题。由倒数第二段的...shy fish that lost their fights also grew bolder when exploring strange new food...可知D项正确。由第四段的These bold fish that won their fights...losing their fight caused them to be much more cautious可排除A、B两项;由第五段的Bold fish watching a shy fish...more nervous 可排除C项。 4.C　主旨大意题。由文章的首句Fish have different personalities which change as...和最后一段的第一句话...animals can gradually adapt their personalities...可知,作者用首尾呼应的方式点出文章的主题,故选C项。 【疑难词汇解读】 1.bold adj.&n.勇敢的;明显的;粗体 Alice is a bold girl. 爱丽丝是一个勇敢的女孩。 2.outlook n.观点,态度;前景 He has a positive outlook on his life. 他有一个积极的人生观。 【长难句子分析】 and 科学家们挑选了特别勇敢的和害羞的虹鳟鱼,测试它们是否会因为生活的变化而改变它们看待事物的观点。