（贵阳专版）2019中考英语总复习 第1部分 教材知识梳理篇 八上 Units 1-3（精讲）检测.doc

《（贵阳专版）2019中考英语总复习 第1部分 教材知识梳理篇 八上 Units 1-3（精讲）检测.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《（贵阳专版）2019中考英语总复习 第1部分 教材知识梳理篇 八上 Units 1-3（精讲）检测.doc（11页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

八年级(上)　Units 1—3 中考基础知识梳理 类别 课标考点要求 词汇攻关 1.wonder(v.& n．)→__wonderful__(adj.)精彩的；绝妙的★ 2.decide(v.)→__decision__(n.)决定★ 3.active(adj.)→__activity__(n.)活动★ 4.build(v.)→__built__(过去式/过去分词)建筑；建造 →__building__(n.)建筑物；房子 5.full(adj.)→__hungry__(反义词)饥饿的 →__empty__(反义词)空的 6.die(v.)→__dying__(现在分词)垂死的 →__death__(n.)死亡 7.quiet(adj.)→__quietly__(adv.)轻声地；轻柔地；安静地★ →__noisy__(反义词)嘈杂的★ 8pete(v.)→__petition__(n.)比赛；竞赛；竞争★ →__petitor__(n.)竞争者；参赛者 9.care(v.)→__careful__(adj.)小心的；细致的；精心的；慎重的★ →__carefully__(adv.)细致地；小心地；谨慎地★ →__careless__(adj.的反义词)粗心的；不小心的 10.little(adj.)→__less__(比较级)较少的；更少的★ →__least__(最高级)最小的；最少的★ 11.win(v.)→__winner__(n.)获胜者；优胜者 12.say(v.)→__saying__(n.)谚语；格言；警句 →__said__(过去式)说；讲★ →__says__(单三)★ 13.few(adj.)→__fewer__(比较级)较少的★ →__fewest__(最高级)最少的 14.my(pron.)→__myself__(反身代词)我自己 15.your(pron.)→__yourself__(反身代词)你自己 16.hungry(adj.)→__hunger__(n.)饥饿 17.enjoy(v.)→__enjoyable__(adj.)有乐趣的；令人愉快的 18.like(v.)→__dislike__(v.)不喜爱；厌恶 19.one(num.)→__once__(adv.)一次；曾经★ 20.two(num.)→__twice__(adv.)两次；两倍 21.health(n.)→__healthy__(adj.)健康的★ 22.bore(v.)→__boring__(adj.)没趣的；令人厌倦的★ →__bored__(adj.)厌倦的；烦闷的★ 23.talent(n.)→__talented__(adj.)有才能的；有才干的 24.clear(adj.)→__clearly__(adv.)清楚地；清晰地；明白地 短语归纳 1.相当多；不少__quite__a__few__ 2.给……的感觉；感受到__feel__like__ 3.当然；自然__of__course__ 4.因为__because__of__ 5.几乎从不__hardly__ever__ 6.摇摆舞__swing__dance__ 7.至少；不少于；起码__at__least__ 8.垃圾食品__junk__food__ 9.例如；像……这样__such__as__ 10.多于__more__than__ 11.少于__less__than__ 12.关心；在意__care__about__ 13.只要；既然__as__long__as__ 14.与……不同；与……有差异__be__different__from__ 15.使显现；使表现出__bring__out__ 16.和……相同；与……一致__the__same__as__ 17.确切地说；事实上；实际上__in__fact__ 18.与……相像的、类似的__be__similar__to__ 19.小学__primary__school__ 20.去度假__go__on__vacation____ 21.写日记__keep__a__diary__ 22.一周一次 __once__a__week__ 23.熬夜 __stay__up__late____ 24.上网__go__online______ 25.玩得高兴 __have__fun____ 句 型 再 现 (　 含 情 景 交 际 )　 1.你买了什么特别的东西吗？ Did you buy __anything__special__？ 2.天气晴朗并且炎热，所以我们决定去宾馆附近的沙滩。 It was sunny and hot，so we __decided__to__go__ to the beach near our hotel. 3.我和我姐姐尝试了滑翔伞运动。 My sister and I __tried__paragliding__. 4.一天的差异是多么大呀！ __What__a__difference__ a day makes！ 5.“周末你通常做什么？”“我经常去看电影。” —__What__do__you__usually__do__ on weekends？ —I often __go__to__the__movies__. 6.对我们提出的有关看电视的问题的回答也颇有意思。 __The__answers__to__our__questions__ about watching television were also interesting. 7.(谈论做某事的频率)“你多久上一次钢琴课？”“每周两次，星期三和星期五。” —__How__often__ do you have piano lessons？ —__Twice__a__week__，on Wednesday and Friday. 8.你每天晚上睡几个小时？ __How__many__hours__do__you__sleep__ every night？ 9.虽然许多学生喜欢观看体育节目，但游戏类节目却是最受欢迎的。 Although many students like to watch sports，game shows __are__the__most__popular__. 10.(人物对比)我比我姐姐更外向。 Im __more__outgoing__than__ my sister. 11.(人物对比)塔拉和蒂娜一样努力学习。 Tara works __as__hard__as__ Tina. 12.好朋友逗我哈哈大笑。 A good friend __makes__me__laugh__. 13.通过上网或看竞技类节目来放松也不错，但我们认为最好的放松方式是通过运动。 It is good __to__relax__ by __using__ the Internet or __watching___game__shows__，but we think __the__best__way__to__relax__is through exercise. 14.没有必要一样。 Its not __necessary__to__be__the__same__. 语法 1.不定代词(详见第二编P99) 2.动词过去式的规则变化和不规则变化 3.how often引导的特殊疑问句(详见第二编P135) 4.频度副词(详见第一编P23) 5.形容词和副词的比较等级(详见第二编P114) 话题 Unit 1 Holidays and vacations(假期)★ Unit 2 Free time activities(闲暇活动) Unit 3 Personal traits(个人特征) 贵阳中考重难点突破 　复合不定代词的用法 (教材八上P2，P3) 【满分点拨】 one body thing some someone(某人) somebody(某人) something(某事，某物) any anyone(任何人) anybody(任何人) anything(任何事) every everyone(每个人) everybody(每个人) everything(每件事) no no one(没有人) nobody(没有人) nothing(什么都没有) 【温馨提示】 (1)由some和any构成的复合不定代词，其用法与some和any的用法基本相同。 (2)复合不定代词常作主语、宾语或表语，不能作定语。作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。如： Nobody knows his name.没人知道他的名字。 (3)当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词时，形容词或else必须后置。如： Is there anything else I can do for you？我还可以为您做些什么？ everyone，anything，nothing，something，anyone，everything 1．There isnt __anything__new in todays newspaper. 2．(xx桂平二模)—What else do you want? —__Nothing__else.I think Ive got everything ready. 3．(贵州红色文化题)Did you go to visit the Site of the Zunyi Meeting(遵义会议会址) with __anyone__？ 4．__Everything__in the room looks very tidy and clean. 5．We can learn __something__about Chinese culture by visiting museums. 6．(2019预测)—Can you cook eggs with tomatoes? —Yes，sure.__Everyone__can do it，because it is easy. 　seem的用法 (教材八上P3) 【满分点拨】 词汇及词义 常见搭配 seem(v.)好像； 似乎；看来 seem＋(to be＋)adj.似乎是……；好像…… seem＋to do sth.好像做某事 It seems＋that从句看起来好像……； 似乎…… 　　The concert is so boring that some listeners seemed to be sleepy.这个音乐会太无聊了，以至于有些听众看上去都有些困了。 It seems that Class 1 will win this game.看上去似乎一班将要赢得这次的比赛。 ( C )1.(2019预测)You look a little tired.It ______ that you havent got enough sleep. 　　　　　　　　　　　　 A．looks B．smells C．seems ( B )2.(新信息题)Fan Chengcheng seems ______ popular with people because of the TV program Idol Producer(《偶像练习生》)． A．be B．to be C．being 　decide的用法 (教材八上P5) 【满分点拨】 (1)decide是动词，意为“决定；选定”。其名词形式为decision。 (2)其常用搭配：decide to do sth.＝make a decision/make decisions to do sth.＝make up ones mind to do sth.决定做某事；decide not to do sth.决定不做某事；decide on选定；决定。 1．Its hard for me to make a __decision__(decide) about the place I will travel. ( A )2.(xx白银中考改编)My two cousins decide ______ a business together. A．to start B．starting C．start 　常见频度副词的用法(教材八上P9) 【满分点拨】 always/usually/often/sometimes/hardly/never为频度副词，用于表达句子中动作发生的频率。在句中的位置一般在行为动词之前，情态动词、助动词和系动词之后。其频率大小如图所示： (1)always意为“总是；永远”。语气最强，指在一切时候，没有例外。表示动作或状态中间没有间断，其频率为100%。如： The sun always rises in the east and sets in the west.太阳总是东升西落。 (2)usually意为“通常；习惯于”，即很少有例外。指习惯性动作，频率为90%，偶尔有间隔。如： He usually goes to bed at ten oclock.他通常10点钟上床睡觉。 (3)often意为“往往；经常”，频率为60%，侧重动作发生的次数具有经常性，具体时间意味不强。如： He is often late for school.他上学经常迟到。 (4)sometimes意为“有时”，表示动作偶尔发生，频率为40%，可以位于句首，以示强调。如： Sometimes he does it this way and sometimes he does it that way.他有时这样做，有时那样做。 (5)hardly意为“几乎不”，频率为5%，常和ever连用表示强调。如： I hardly ever go out these days.这些天我几乎不出门。 (6)never意为“从不”，其频率为零。如： My parents are never late for work.我父母上班从来不迟到。 ( A )1.—Would you like some coffee? —No，thanks.I ______ drink coffee. A．hardly B．often C．always ( B )2.—Joan has made great progress in speaking English. —She ______ works hard at it，you know. A．never B．always C．hardly ( C )3.(2019预测)—Hi，Jenny！You came first again.Did you always e to school early? —Not really.______I was late for school. A．Often B．Never C．Sometimes ( A )4.(xx贵阳适应性考试)Its______ too old to learn.Judy started to learn English when she was 55 and she can write English poems now. A．never B．always C．sometimes 　辨析both与all (教材八上P17) 【满分点拨】 (1)both表示“两者都”，其反义词为neither，表示“两者都不”。如： My parents both like Beijing Opera.我的父母都喜欢京剧。 (2)all表示“三者或三者以上都”，其反义词为none。如： Bill is the tallest of all the boys.比尔是所有男孩中最高的。 【归纳拓展】 both…and…，either…or…与neither…nor…的用法区别 词组 用法 both…and… 意为“……和……都；既……又……”，通常用来连接两个并列的句子成分；连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：Both John and David are from America.约翰和大卫都来自美国。 either…or… 表示“两者中的任何一个”，当连接两个并列的成分作句子主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。如：Either you or I am right.要么是你对了，要么是我对了。 neither…nor… 表示“两者都不……”，当连接两个并列的成分作句子主语时，谓语动词也遵循就近原则。如：Neither Ann nor Jenny likes the movie.安和珍妮都不喜欢这部电影。 both，all 1．There are three foreigners in our class.__All__ of them are Americans. 2．There are many stores on __both__ sides of the street. ( C )3.(文化信息题)The Sun Yatsen Mausoleum(中山陵) is not far from Xuanwu Lake(玄武湖)．You can visit ______ in a day. A．each B．neither C．both ( B )4.—Alice，how do your parents like pop music? —______my dad______my mom likes it.But they both prefer Beijing Opera. A．Either；or　　　　B．Neither；nor C．Both；and 　辨析although，though与but (教材八上P13，P18) 【满分点拨】 单词 词性 含义 用法 although/though 从属 连词 虽然；尽管；即使 常用来引导让步状语从句，从句放在主句前后均可。although比though更正式，两者都不能与but连用，但可以与yet，still连用though可构成短语：as though好像，仿佛；even though(＝even if)即使 but 并列 连词 但是 表示转折。连接两个分句时不能与although/though连用 ( B )1.　(xx青岛中考改编)It is raining heavily，______none of the students are late for school. A．although B．but C．so 2．(初高衔接题)Many people still try to climb Qomolangma every year because it is very dangerous.(句子改错)__although/though__ 　How did you like it？你觉得它怎么样？(教材八上P3) 【满分点拨】 句型“How do you like…？”意为“你认为……怎么样？”常用来询问对方对于某人或某事的看法，相当于“What do you think of…？”或“How do you feel about…？”回答时要说出自己对某人或某事的具体看法或意见。如： How do you like your new job？＝How do you feel about your new job？＝What do you think of your new job？你觉得你的新工作怎么样？ 1．(新信息题)你认为电影《一出好戏》怎么样？ What do you __think__ __of__ the film The Island? 2．(初高衔接题)How do you think the program e Sing with Me？(句子改错)__like__ ( B )3.(xx铜仁中考改编)—How do you ______ the yellow cat? —Its very cute. A．think B．like C．think of 　My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop.我的腿很酸，我想停下来。 (教材八上P8) 【满分点拨】 so…that…意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。句中的so是副词，常用来修饰形容词或副词。 辨析so…that…与such…that…句型： so＋adj./adv. so＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数 such＋a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数 such＋adj.＋可数名词复数/不可数名词 so＋many/much＋可数名词复数/不可数名词＋that 从句 He runs so fast that nobody can catch up with him.他跑得非常快，以至于没人能追上他。 Tom is so helpful a boy that we all like him.汤姆是个如此乐于助人的男孩以至于我们大家都喜欢他。 【归纳拓展】 so that意为“以便；为了”，引导目的状语从句。可与in order that或(in order) to do替换。如： He saved up his money so that he could go abroad for his summer holiday.＝He saved up his money in order to go abroad for his summer holiday.他把钱积蓄起来，以便暑假能出国。 【温馨提示】 (1)当主句和从句的主语一致，且that从句是肯定句时，可用“enough to do sth.”来转换。如： He was so clever that he could understand what I said.＝He was clever enough to understand what I said.他很聪明，能理解我说的话。 (2)当主句和从句的主语一致，且that从句是否定句时，可用too…to…来替换。如： He is so young that he cant go to school.＝He is too young to go to school.他年纪太小，不能去上学。 ( A )1.(热点题)Nie Yuan acted ______ well in the TV series Story of Yanxi Palace(《延禧攻略》)______ many people became his fans. A．so；that B．too；to C．such；that ( B )2.(新信息题)Fan Zhendong is ______ an excellent pingpong player ______ he got a gold medal in the xx Jakarta Asian Games. A．too；to B．such；that C．so；that 　It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows…通过使用互联网或者看游戏类节目来放松挺不错……(教材八上P13) 【满分点拨】 句型“It is＋adj.(＋for/of sb.)＋to do sth.”中，it作形式主语，而真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。动词不定式有逻辑主语时，常由“for/of＋sb.”构成。 句型 形容词用法 It is＋adj.＋for sb.＋to do sth. 形容词描述事物的特征、性质，如easy，useful，difficult，interesting，dangerous，important等 It is＋adj.＋of sb.＋to do sth. 形容词描述行为者的性格、品质，如kind，nice，polite，clever，friendly，careless等 ( A )1.Its kind ________ you ________ help me with my English. A．of；to B．for；to C．of；for 2．Its easy for local people __to__choose__(choose) various goods in Sunnyside Shopping Mall. 　Tara works as hard as Tina.塔拉和蒂娜学习一样努力。(教材八上P18) 【满分点拨】 (1)as…as意为“和……一样”，中间加形容词或副词的原级，用来进行同级比较，表示两者在某一方面相同。 (2)其否定形式为：not as/so…as，表示“一方在某一方面不如另一方”。如： This story is not as interesting as that one.＝This story is not so interesting as that one.这个故事不如那个故事有趣。 ( A )1.(xx湘西中考)Alice does her homework as ______ as Peter. A．carefully B．more careful C．careful ( B )2.(新信息题)—Did Cai Xukun get the first place in the TV show Idol Producer(《偶像练习生》)? —Yes，no one did so ______ as him. A．good B．well C．better ( B )3.(xx东营中考改编)—What a mess！The sharing bikes are thrown everywhere. —Lets collect and put them in the right place______they can be used conveniently. A． unless B．so that C．because 随堂知识巩固 一、单项选择。 ( C )1.(xx成都中考)A smile costs______，but gives much，so always keep smiling！【考点❶】 A．something B．anything C．nothing ( C )2.(人文信息题)—______ is the Table Tennis World Cup(乒乓球世界杯) held? —Once a year. A．How many B．How long C．How often ( B )3.(xx百色中考改编)—Tom，why have you decided ______ Chinese folk music as a course? —Because I like Chinese culture very much.【考点❸】 A．take B．to take C．taking ( C )4.(xx海南中考)______ the girl is only six years old，she knows more than 300 ancient Chinese poems.【考点❻】 A．If B．Unless C．Although ( B )5.(xx黔南中考改编)Amanda read the article ______，and found something important in it. A．enough careful B．carefully enough C．enough carefully ( A )6.(热点人物题)I think Cai Xukun is ______ than Chen Linong. A．more popular B．popular C．much popular ( B )7.(xx贵阳六模)Toms parents are teachers.______ of them teach English at Red Star School.【考点❺】 A．Neither B．Both C．Either ( A )8.(xx海南中考)Uncle Liang ______ eats out because his wife always makes delicious food for him.【考点❹】 A．seldom B．sometimes C．often 二、根据语境或句意，用所给词的适当形式填空。(对应P21“词汇攻关”) 1．Please keep down your voice.I cant hear my teacher __clearly__(clear)． 2．My father goes to swim in a gym __twice__(two) a week. 3．Doing exercise is __healthy__(health) for the mind and the body. 高频话题写作指导 业余生活 ◆话题解读 “业余生活”属于《中学英语课程标准》中第4个话题——日常活动(Daily routines)。主要是谈论学生业余活动以及做这些活动的频率和时间，进而谈论生活方式和饮食习惯，倡导健康的生活习惯和生活方式。 从命题角度上来看：该话题是中考常考话题之一。学生联系自己的实际情况，是会有很多写作的素材的。 从作文类型上来看：属于记叙文类型。学生通过对自己或他人的业余生活， 让朋友间加深理解增进友谊，也同时让学生在写作的过程中去感悟健康的生活方式。 从作文内容上来看：以“业余生活”为主题的书面表达通常有三种写作形式： ①介绍自己的业余生活和兴趣爱好，描述某人在业余时间都做什么样的事情，以及做这些活动的频率(如xx贵阳中考)； ②请求帮助，对于某人的学习生活方式进行描述，请求别人提出建议； ③提出建议，即对某人的业余生活活动提出建议。 ◆核心词汇和句型 1．词汇 help with housework 做家务 do/play sports 做运动 have piano lessons 上钢琴课 watch game shows 观看游戏类节目 relax oneself 放松自己 deal with 处理 feel bad about…对……感到懊恼 spare time 业余时间 do some reading 读点书 a social activity 社会活动 an afterclass activity 课余活动 have many benefits 有很多益处 take up 占用(时间等) do what we want to do 做我们想做的事情 be crazy about…热衷于…… twice a month 一个月两次 hardly ever 几乎不 2．句型 Reading makes a full man.读书使人充实。 Here is the result.这就是结果。 We can learn things that we cant learn from books.我们可以学到书本上获取不到的知识。 I made a survey on what junior middle school students do in their spare time.我就初中生在业余生活中都做了什么进行了调查。 I spend time with my family every day.我每天都要与家人一起相处一段时间。 I can play puter games once a week.我一星期可以玩一次电脑游戏。 The best way to relax is to read.最好的放松方式就是阅读。 ◆典例剖析 目前中学生学习任务重，压力大。而丰富多彩的业余生活，有利于开阔视野，调节身心，提高学习效率。请以“My Spare Time”为题写一篇英语短文，谈谈你的业余生活。 一、写作要点提示 可以谈看书、看电视、玩电脑、做运动、参加社会活动等。你喜欢做什么？你是如何合理安排的呢？说说你的想法和理由。 二、参考词汇 烹饪cook；暑假summer vacation；自愿做volunteer 三、写作要求 短文应紧扣要点，但不要逐字翻译，可适当发挥，以使短文衔接、连贯，词数控制在80—100。 【审题指导】这是一篇介绍业余生活的作文。写作时必须包含要求中提到的内容，可适当发挥。全文在写作时以一般现在时为主，以第一人称的口吻进行叙述。 【写作导图】 My Spare TimeIntroduce the topic→My spare time is colorful. Spare time activities→Play sports，do some reading… Feeling→Enjoy myself 【参考范文】 My Spare Time My spare time is colorful.After school，I usually play sports.I like basketball and football very much.I often do some reading in the evening.And I think reading books is the best way to relax myself.Sometimes I watch TV or surf the Internet.I often help my parents with the housework like cleaning and cooking.During the summer or winter vacation，I have enough time to do things like volunteering.I help those people who are in need.Its a good experience for me.I enjoy myself in my spare time. 【名师点评】本文的亮点有：1.do some reading，relax myself等短语的灵活运用，体现了作者丰富的语言积累和扎实的基本功；2.整篇作文内容完整，语言流畅。 ◆自我测评 我们对大量的中学生进行了“你重视课外阅读吗？”的调查研究。研究显示许多中学生不重视课外阅读。请你根据下列要点，对这一现状进行分析研究。撰写一份调查报告。 要点：1.不重视校外阅读的原因； 2.校外阅读的好处； 3.对学校和同学的建议； 4.80词左右，文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Recently，we have done a survey about the topic “Do you like reading after class？”__At__present__only__a__few__students__do__some__reading__after__class.Here__are__several__reasons.First，a__lot__of__students__are__busy__with__homework.Besides，others__havent__developed__a__habit__of__reading.They__like__spending__their__spare__time__on__TV__or__on__the__Internet. However，reading__has__many__advantages.We__can__get__more__knowledge__through__reading.Also，it__can__not__only__help__open__our__eyes__but__also__make__us__think__better.Last__but__not__least，reading__can__make__our__lives__colorful. Here__are__my__suggestions.For__one__thing，teachers__should__give__us__less__homework__so__that__we__can__have__more__time__to__read.For__another，its__a__good__idea__to__join__reading__clubs，then__we__can__share__our__reading__experience._