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八年级(下)　Units 1—2 单元重点回顾 类别 课标考点要求 重 点 单 词 1.matter(n.)问题；事情 2.stomachache(n.)胃痛；腹痛 3.foot(n.)脚；足★ 4.neck(n.)颈；脖子 5.stomach(n.)胃；腹部 6.throat(n.)咽喉；喉咙 7.fever(n.)发烧 8.lie(v.)躺；平躺★ 9.rest(v.& n.)放松；休息 10.cough(n.& v.)咳嗽 11.toothache(n.)牙痛 12.headache(n.)头痛 13.break(n.)间歇；休息 14.hurt(v.)(使)疼痛；受伤★ 15.passenger(n.)乘客；旅客 16.trouble(n.)问题；苦恼★ 17.hit(v.)(用手或器具)击；打 18.herself(pron.)(she的反身代词)她自己★ 19.sick(adj.)生病的；有病的 20.knee(n.)膝；膝盖 21.ourselves(pron.)(we的反身代词)我们自己 22.climber(n.)登山者；攀登者 23.risk(n.& v.)危险；风险；冒险 24.situation(n.)情况；状况 25.rock(n.)岩石 26.knife(n.)刀★ 27.blood(n.)血 28.mean(v.)意思是；打算；意欲 29.importance(n.)重要性；重要★ 30.decision(n.)决定；抉择★ 31.control(n.& v.)限制；约束；管理 32.spirit(n.)勇气；意志 33.death(n.)死；死亡★ 34.nurse(n.)护士 35.cheer(v.)欢呼；喝彩 36.volunteer(v.)义务做；自愿做(n.)志愿者 37.sign(n.)标志；信号 38.notice(n.)通知；通告；注意(v.)注意到；意识到 39.lonely(adj.)孤独的；寂寞的★ 40.several(pron.)几个；数个；一些★ 41.strong(adj.)强烈的；强壮的 42.feeling(n.)感觉；感触★ 43.satisfaction(n.)满足；满意 44.joy(n.)高兴；愉快 45.owner(n.)物主；主人 46.journey(n.)(尤指长途)旅行；行程 47.raise(v.)募集；征集★ 48.alone(adv.)独自；单独★ 49.repair(v.)修理；修补 50.fix(v.)修理；安装 51.broken(adj.)破损的；残缺的★ 52.wheel(n.)车轮；轮子 53.letter(n.)信；函 54.disabled(adj.)丧失能力的；有残疾的 55.blind(adj.)瞎的；失明的 56.deaf(adj.)聋的 57.imagine(v.)想象；设想★ 58.difficulty(n.)困难；难题 59.open(v.)开；打开 60.door(n.)门 61.carry(v.)拿；提；扛 62.train(v.)训练；培训 63.excited(adj.)激动的；兴奋的★ 64.kindness(n.)仁慈；善良★ 65.clever(adj.)聪明的；聪颖的 66.understand(v.)理解；领会 67.change(v.& n.)变化；改变 68.interest(n.)兴趣；关注(v.)使感兴趣；使关注★ 词 性 转 换 1.stomachache(n.)胃痛；腹痛→stomach(n.) 胃 2.foot(n.)脚；足→feet(复数) 3.lie(v.)躺；平躺→lying(现在分词)→lay(过去式)→lain(过去分词) 4.hurt(v.)(使)疼痛；受伤→hurt(过去式/过去分词) 5.herself(pron.)她自己→themselves她们自己 6.hit(v.)击；打→hitting(现在分词)→hit(过去式/过去分词) 7.knife(n.)刀→knives(复数 ) 8.important(adj.)重要的→importance(n.)重要性；重要 9.decision(n.)决定→decide(v.)决定 10.death(n.)死亡→die(v.)死→dead(adj.)死的；死亡的→dying(adj.)要死的 11.feeling(n.)感觉；感触→feel(v.)感觉；感到→felt(过去式/过去分词) 12.satisfaction(n.)满足；满意→satisfy(v.)满意→satisfied(adj.)满意的 13.broken(adj.)破损的；残缺的→break(v.) 坏；打破→broke(过去式)→broken(过去分词) 14.difficulty(n.)困难；难题→difficult(adj.)困难的 15.interest(v.& n.)使感兴趣；使关注→interested(adj.)感兴趣的→interesting(adj.)有趣的 重 点 短 语 1.发烧/咳嗽/感冒/流鼻血have a fever/cough/cold/nosebleed 2.患流感have the flu 3.头痛/牙痛/胃疼have a headache/toothache/stomachache 4.冒险take risks/take a risk 5.量体温take ones temperature 6.下车get off 7.上车 get on 8.使……惊讶的是；出乎……的意料to ones surprise 9.遇上麻烦；处于困境get into trouble 10.掌管；管理be in control of 11.用尽；耗尽run out (of) 12.及时in time 13.幸亏；由于thanks to 14.作出决定(做某事)make a decision (to do sth.) ＝decide (to do sth.) 15.对做……感兴趣be interested in doing sth. 16.考虑做某事think about doing sth. 17.放弃做某事give up doing sth. 18.(使)变得更高兴；振奋起来cheer up 19.分发；散发give out 20.想出；提出(主意、计划、回答等)e up with 21.推迟put off 22.张贴；搭建；举起put up 23.分发hand out 24.曾经……；过去……used to 25.在……岁的时候at the age of… 26.同时at the same time 27.担忧；担心worry about＝be worried about 28.(外貌或行为)像take after 29.赠送；捐赠give away 30.与……相似be similar to… 31.建起；设立set up 32.影响；有作用make a difference 33.对……感到兴奋be excited about sth. 34.立刻；马上at once 35.没能力做某事be unable to do sth. 续表 类别 课标考点要求 重 点 句 子 1.—Whats the matter？你怎么了？ —I have a __sore__back__.我背痛。 2.__Should__ I take my temperature？我该量体温吗？ 3.It doesnt __sound__like__ you have a fever.听起来你不像发烧。 4.You need to take breaks __away__from__ the puter.你需要远离电脑休息。 5.The bus driver,24－year－old Wang Ping stopped the bus __without__thinking__twice__.24岁的公交车司机王平没有多考虑就把车停了下来。 6.__Thanks__to__ Mr.Wang and the passengers,the man was saved by the doctors__in__time__.多亏了王先生和乘客们,医生及时挽救了那位老人。 7.Someone __got__hit__on__ the head.有人撞到头了。 8.As a mountain climber,Aron __is__used__to__taking__ risks.作为一名登山者,阿伦习惯了冒险。 9.Aron __tells__of__ the __importance__of__ making good decisions,and of __being__in__control__of__ ones life.阿伦讲述了作出正确决定和掌管个人生命的重要性。 10.They __told__ me stories __about__ the past and how things __used__to__be__.他们给我讲过去的生活经历,讲过去是什么样子的。 11.I get __such__a__strong__feeling__of__satisfaction__ when I see the animals get better and the look of joy on their __owners__ faces.当我看到动物们病情渐好,看到它们主人脸上的喜悦表情时,我获得了一种极强的满足感。 12.She could read by herself __at__the__age__of__ four.她在四岁时就能够独自看书了。 13.__Volunteering__ here __is__ a dream __e__true__ for me.在这里当志愿者对我来说是梦想成真。 14.You helped to __make__it__possible__for__ me __to__ have Lucky.你的帮助使得我有可能拥有“幸运儿”(狗名)。 语 法 1.情态动词should,shouldnt与could(详见第二编P140～P141) 2.反身代词(详见第二编P124) 3.不定式作宾语、状语和宾语补足语(详见第二编P139) 4.情态动词could用于礼貌请求与允许(详见第二编P140) 话 题 Unit 1 Health and first aid(健康与急救) Unit 2 Volunteering and charity(志愿服务与慈善)★ 单元重难点突破 　expect (八下Unit 1 P3) 【举例透析】 ①He expected to hear from Mary.他期待收到玛丽的来信。 (expect作动词,意为“预料；期待”。短语：期待做某事expect to__do sth.＝ look forward to doing sth.) ②I expect my sister to e back early so that we can go to Jolins concert together.我期待我的姐姐早点回来以便我们能一起去听蔡依林的音乐会。 (短语：期待某人做某事 expect sb.to__do sth.) ③They are in trouble,but I expect that they can deal with it themselves.他们正处于困境中,但是我期望他们能自己处理。 (用法：expect＋ that从句 期待……) (D)1.—Does he expect ______ his dream this time? —Yes,he looks forward to ______ his dream e true. A.achieving；make B.achieving；to make C.to achieve；to make D.to achieve；making 2.(原创题)我不期望他会来我的生日聚会。 I dont __expect__ that he will e to my birthday party. 　辨析thanks to与thanks for (八下Unit 1 P3) 【举例透析】 ①Thanks to Mr.Wang and the passengers,the doctors saved the man in time.多亏了王先生和乘客们,医生及时赶到救了那个男人。 (thanks to 意为“多亏；由于；因为”, to 是介词＋名词) ②Thanks for helping me! 谢谢你帮助了我！ Thanks for your help! 谢谢你的帮助！ (thanks for意为“因……而感谢”；for是介词＋名词/动词的ing形式) 1.多亏了老师们的帮助,我在英语方面取得了很大的进步。 __Thanks__to__the teachers help,I have made great progress in English. 2.谢谢你邀请我。 __Thanks______for__ __inviting__ me. 　辨析be used to doing,be used to do与used to (八下Unit 1 P10) 【举例透析】 ①Most students are used to getting up early on weekdays.多数学生周一到周五习惯早起。 (用法：be (get/bee) used to doing sth.习惯于做……) ②His knife was used to cut off his right arm.＝ He used his knife to cut off his right arm.他用刀切断了右臂。 (用法：use…to do sth.使用……做某事； 其被动结构为：be used to__do sth.被用来做某事) ③Lisa used to play puter games for a long time.莉萨过去常常会打很久的电脑游戏。 (用法：used to do sth.过去常常做某事) (C)1.This kind of machine is used to ______ bees from the cages.And the bees are now used to ______ in the forest. A.free；live B.freeing；living C.free；living D.freeing；live (D)2.He used ______ to work on foot,but now he is used to ______ his car. A.going；driving B.going；to drive C.to go；drive D.to go；driving (B)3.(xx武威中考)Our city is cleaner than it ______ be. A.is used to B.used to C.uses to D.is used 　run out (of) (八下Unit 1 P6) 【举例透析】 ①The petrol is running out.汽油快用完了。 (run out 为不及物短语,主语为物,表示某物被用完了) ②We ran out of the petrol.我们用完了汽油。 (run out of为及物短语,主语为人,表示某人用完了某物.) (B)1.—Hey,whats wrong with your new car? —______. A.It runs out oil B.It has run out of oil C.The oil has run out of D.It ran out oil 2.没有工作,他的钱很快用完了。 His money__ran__ __out__ soon without a job. 　辨析lonely与alone (八下Unit 2 P12) 【举例透析】 ①A lot of old people are lonely.很多老人很孤独。 (lonely作形容词,意为“孤独的”,既可以作表语,也可以作定语,如：a lonely man) ②I want to travel alone.我想独自旅游。 (alone 作形容词或副词,只能作表语或状语,不能作定语。be alone＝ be all by oneself) 选用lonely,alone填空。 1.I live __alone__ but I dont feel __lonely__. 2.Jack has few friends.He is a __lonely__ child. 　make it adj.for sb.to do sth. (八下Unit 2 P14) 【举例透析】 You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.你的帮助使得我有可能拥有“幸运儿”(狗名)。 I sometimes find it difficult to municate with him.我有时候发现跟他沟通很困难。 (句型：make/find ＋ it ＋adj. ＋to do sth.“使得/发现做……怎么样”。在句型中, it 作形式宾语, 后面的形容词作宾语补足语, 不定式作真正的宾语。) (A)His strong will(意志) ______ for him to get through the hard times in the end. A.made it possible B.made no difference C.made it difficult D.made it easy 　difficulty (八下Unit 2 P14) 【举例透析】 He has difficulty studying Chinese.他学汉语有困难。 If you have any difficulties,give me a call.如果你有任何困难,给我打电话。 (difficulty既可作可数名词“各种困难、难题、难事”,又可作不可数名词“艰辛；费劲”；短语：have difficulty doing sth.做某事有困难) Everyone may have difficulty __answering__(answer) such difficult questions. 高频话题写作指导 志愿者活动 ◆话题解读 志愿者活动现在已经成为全社会体现爱心和正能量的热门活动。志愿者活动使需要帮助的人们得到帮助,而志愿者们也能从中得到锻炼和价值的体现。分析全国近几年的中考写作题目,我们可以发现这也是一个很热门的写作方向。一般来说,志愿者活动这一话题主要从三个方面来命题：1.写志愿者活动安排(xx年黑龙江绥化)；2.志愿者招聘(xx年黑龙江齐齐哈尔)；3.志愿者的自荐信(xx年湖北荆州)。此类写作可以培养学生们热心公益事业和乐于助人的高尚品质,同时也对自己的实践能力是一个很好的锻炼。 ◆写作素材包 常用作文开头语： 1.I had a very unforgettable experience in volunteer last week.(have an experience有……的经历) 【试一试】迈克度过了一段非常愉快的经历。 __Mike__had__a__very__pleasant__experience.__ 2.More and more people are willing to work as a volunteer.(work as作为……而工作) 【试一试】去年我在动物园里当了一段时间的动物饲养员。 __Last__year__I__worked__as__an__animal__keeper__for__some__time__in__the__zoo.__ 3.We want some volunteers to help clean the city parks this Saturday.(want sb.to do sth.想让某人做某事) 【试一试】你想让我们来当志愿者去帮助那些生病的孩子们吗？ __Do__you__want__us__to__be__volunteers__to__help__the__sick__kids？__ 常用作文中间语： 1.I think its very meaningful for me to be a volunteer.(It be＋adj.＋for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做某事如何) 【试一试】对我们学生来说,帮助他人是非常有必要的。 __Its__very__necessary__for__us__students__to__help__others.__ 2.He has lots of experience taking care of the animals.(have experience doing sth.做某事很有经验) 【试一试】我对打扫房间卫生很有经验。 __I__have__experience__cleaning__the__room.__ 3.We cleaned the old peoples rooms and helped them wash their clothes. 4.In the afternoon,we sang and danced for the old people and they were very happy to see that.(be happy to do sth.做某事很高兴) 【试一试】我们很高兴去帮助那位老人。 __We__are__very__happy__to__help__the__old__man.__ 5.We were very tired but at the same time,we were also very happy to cheer them up.(cheer sb.up使某人感到振奋) 【试一试】我明天将会去医院鼓励那些生病的孩子们。 __I__will__go__to__the__hospital__to__cheer__up__the__sick__children__tomorrow.__ 6.I learned a lot by municating with the old people.(learn…by doing sth.通过做某事学习……) 【试一试】我通过经常给那位老人写信来保持联系。 __I__keep__in__touch__with__the__old__man__by__writing__him__a__letter. 常用作文结束语： 1.I hope I will have the chance to do it again. 2.We had a happy day! 3.What a meaningful day I had! 4.I will never forget the day! ◆典例剖析 (原创题)尊老爱幼、助人为乐是中华民族的传统美德。为推动社会主义核心价值体系建设,培养学生优良的道德品质,锻炼学生的社交能力,光明中学团委开展了一次学生志愿者活动。假如你是该校志愿者学生,请根据以下提示内容以“A Meaningful Activity”为题,写一篇英语短文。 A Meaningful Activity Date March 25,xx Place Sunshine Old Peoples Home Activities Clean the yard,sweep the floor in the morning Eat lunch at noon Old people tell old stories and give a Beijing Opera performance 　　要点：1.活动的时间、地点、参加人员； 2.活动的内容； 3.活动的感想和收获。 要求：语意通顺,意思连贯,90词左右。 【审题指导】这是一篇叙事类作文。写作时必须包含要点中提到的三点,可适当发挥。全文在写作时以一般过去时为主,以第一人称的口吻进行叙述。 【写作导图】 【参考范文】 A Meaningful Activity On March 25,xx,we students from Guangming Middle School went to Sunshine Old Peoples Home to do some voluntary work. In the morning,we cleaned the yard and swept the floor.We were very tired but we were happy to help the old people.At noon,we had lunch with the old people.The food was simple but very delicious.In the afternoon,the old people told us some old stories and even gave us a Beijing Opera performance.It was amazing. I think it was a meaningful activity and Id like to do more voluntary work like this next time! 【名师点评】本文的亮点之处有：1.文章结构清晰,三个自然段功能明确；2.用语准确、简练,文章时态统一,句子结构正确,能运用到宾语从句等复合句,连词等的使用自然顺畅；3.包含所有提示要点,内容完整,有一定的拓展。 ◆模拟写作 (2019预测)我校正在招聘介绍学校发展历史、文化传承以及学校办学特色的志愿者导游。请根据所给信息,为学校团委写一则招聘广告。 要点：1.志愿者导游(school guide)必须为本校在校学生,男女不限； 2.待人热情、友好,有礼貌,热心公益活动(serve the public)； 3.普通话标准,英语口语流利。 要求：1.90词左右； 2.内容完整,语言流畅,可适当发挥。 ______________School__Guide__Wanted__ We__would__like__some__students__to__be__the__school__guides.If__you__want__to__be__a__guide__in__our__school,first__of__all,you__need__to__be__the__students__of__our__school.Girls__and__boys__are__all__wele.You__must__be__polite,warmhearted__and__friendly.Also__you__must__speak__standard__Chinese__and__good__English.If__you__join__us,you__can__get__lots__of__chances__to__show__and__improve__your__talent.At__the__same__time,you__can__serve__the__public.__ Are__you__interested__in__it?__Dont__miss__the__chance！__ 直 击 中 考 一、单项选择。 (D)1.(xx凉山州中考)Parents ______ put the things like knives and medicine away in the house to keep children safe. A.may　　B.might　　C.can　　D.should (A)2.(xx襄阳中考)—Mom,can I leave the chores till tomorrow? —Im afraid not.You cant ______ todays work till tomorrow. A.put off B.turn down C.give away D.look up (C)3.(xx安徽中考)The weatherman says a rain shower ______ this afternoon in the south. A.expects B.expected C.is expected D.was expected (A)4.(xx菏泽中考改编)During the Spring Festival,the young ______ a kowtow(磕头) to the elders,but now they only give them best wishes. A.used to give B.were used to give C.used to giving D.were used to giving 二、(xx襄阳中考)完形填空。 At the beginning of this term,my PE teacher suggested to me that I should take part in the marathon(马拉松赛跑).I was very surprised because I was never a good runner.In order to__1__ me,he said that if I took part in the race,I would get the highest mark for the terms PE class.Therefore,I decided to have a try because I had__2__ to lose. I prepared for the race very__3__.I ran every day in the morning before school.And after school,I practiced running with many other runners on the sports ground.I even had the special diet(饮食) for athletes(运动员).I heard that the special diet could __4__ me to get good results. When the__5__ of the marathon arrived,I was very nervous.As usual,I got up in the morning,had my breakfast,and listened to some music.Then my father gave me a__6__ to the sports ground,for the marathon race was going to take place there in an hour.All my family wished me good luck because they knew how __7__ this race was for me and how much effort I had put into its preparation. My petitors looked like athletes.I was__8__ that I would be last.However,when I started to run,I thought only about the race.As I paid much attention to the race itself,I did not remember when I __9__ the other runners.Suddenly I realized that I had e first.I was very happy when I won the race.From the experience,I learn that __10__ always es out of hard work. (D)1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A.punish B.hurt C.introduce D.encourage (C)2.A.something B.everything C.nothing D.anything (A)3.A.carefully B.shyly C.angrily D.secretly (B)4.A.teach B.help C.expect D.order (A)5.A.day B.week C.month D.year (D)6.A.hug B.shake C.kiss D.lift (B)7.A.easy B.important C.traditional D.silly (C)8.A.surprised B.lucky C.afraid D.happy (A)9.A.passed B.followed C.touched D.pushed (C)10.A.feeling Bpetition C.success D.interest 三、(xx眉山中考改编)还原句子。 阅读下面短文,把A、B、C、D四个句子填入文中空缺处,使短文内容完整、正确。 Doing exercise is very important for everyone.But it can be a little different to keep a exercise plan when winter es.1.__C__ Do you have the same problem？Ill tell you what you can do to change the situation. To stay active during the winter,you should first make it as easy as possible to do your exercise.2.__D__ The following advice will give you some ideas for making winter exercise more fortable and more enjoyable. Put your sports clothes in the dryer.If you want to exercise outside,you might keep the clothes in the dryer for a few minutes before that.Its often harder to get warmed up when its cold outside.Putting on clothes fresh from the dryer is just one way to get your body warm. 3.__A__ If its really cold outside,you might even try a quick shower to get you warm before you do exercise. Walk in door.4.__B__ To get out of cold weather of winter,you can simply walk in door,probably in the living area of your room.Walking indoors makes you feel safe and gives you a dry and warm temperature to do it. A.Take a hot shower. B.Walking is a good way to stay healthy. C.The cold weather makes you want to stay in your warm bed. D.Second,make something different before you lose interest in doing exercise. 四、(xx义乌中考改编)综合填空。 阅读下面短文,根据单词、首字母、汉语和语境提示,在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词,要求意义准确、拼写正确。 This is Tammela School,a primary school in Finland.The students are having a math class with their robot teacher. The “teacher” is a small,blue 1.__machine__ (机器) about 25 cm high,Reuters reported.Whenever students have problems,it helps them very 2.__patiently__(patient) and never gets bored. “The robot can make students more 3.__active__(act) in class than usual.I see Elias as one of the 4.__tools__(工具) to get different kinds of practice and activities into the classroom.” a teacher told Reuters. So far the school has introduced four robot teachers,one of whom 5.__is__(be) a language teacher that can speak 23 languages and dance to music.“6.__It__ is necessary to encourage kids to e up 7.with__ new ways to make use of technology in school life.” the head of the school 8.__added__(add) in the interview. The robot teachers are 9.used__ to help improve learning.This doesnt mean that human teachers will lose their jobs.The robots can teach well,10.but__ they are not able to keep class in order.The school still needs human teachers. 五、(xx海南中考改编)完成句子。 阅读下面短文,根据题后要求完成句子。 As a student,you must have met all kinds of teachers.Do you like or hate them? Is there plete understanding between you and them? At first,I thought Miss Li was nervous and shy.But now,I find shes kind and patient,and she explains English grammar so clearly that even I can understand it well！(A)她总是避免让我们感到愚蠢。Ive always hated making mistakes or pronouncing a word incorrectly when I speak English,but Miss Li just smiles,so that I dont feel that stupid! (B)Mrs.Chen is very strict__and__serious.In her class,we dont dare to say a word unless she asks us to.There are a few students in our class who keep ing to class late,but theyre always on time for Mrs.Chens lessons! Some of our classmates dont like her.(C)But__most__of__us__really__appreciate_ _her__because__her__teaching__is__so__well__organized__and__clear. Physics will never be my favorite lesson,but I think Ill do well in the exam with Mrs.Chen teaching me. Mr.Wu is very popular.(D)Chinese,enjoys,he,__really,__teaching. You cant imagine what a great teacher he is! He talks loudly and fast and waves his hands about a lot when he gets excited.Hes really understanding and funny.When he thinks were getting bored,he will tell us jokes and make us active again.We really respect him a lot. 1.汉译英。请根据(A)处中文提示写出英语句子。(每空一词) She always __avoids__ making you __feel__ stupid. 2.句子提问。请就(B)句的画线部分提问。 __How__ do you __like__ Mrs.Chen? 3.英译汉。请将(C)句译成中文。 __但是大部分人真的很感激她,因为她的教学非常有条理和清晰。__ 4.连词成句。请将(D)处的单词连成意义完整的句子。 __He__really__enjoys__teaching__Chinese.____ 5.找同义句。请在文中找出与以下描述意义一致的句子。 We dont dare to say a word if she doesnt ask us to in her class. __In__her__class,__we__dont__dare__to__say__a__word__unless__she__asks__us__to.__