2019高中英语刷题首选卷 基础练 能力练 Unit 4 Earthquakes Section Ⅲ Grammar（含解析）新人教版必修1.docx

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Section Ⅲ　Grammar 对应学生用书P43[基础题] Ⅰ　单句语法填空 1．Its ________ (use) advising her to change her mind, for she is too stubborn. 答案：useless　Its useless doing sth. “做……是无用/无益的”。 2．The only thing ________ I can remember is the big fire. 答案：that　当先行词被the only修饰时，定语从句的关系代词只用that，不用which。 3．Be careful, or you will have your hands ________(hurt)． 答案：hurt　此处为固定句式“have＋宾语＋宾补”。hurt与your hands 之间是被动关系，所以填写hurt的过去分词形式。 4．________ is known to us, China is a ________ (develop) country in the world. 答案：As; developing　第一空引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作成分，指代主句内容，意为“这一点”，故填as，且首字母大写；第二空表示“正在发展中的”，因此填developing。 5．I was riding my bike in the street ________ a car knocked me down from behind. 答案：when　此处为固定句式“be doing ... when ...”。 6．Your speech was heard by a group of five judges, all of ________ agreed that it was the best one this year. 答案：whom　后一个句子为“不定代词＋of＋关系词”引导的定语从句，先行词指人，且作of的宾语，所以填whom。 7．The prize will go to the writer ________ story shows the most imagination. 答案：whose　定语从句中缺定语，故引导词用whose。 8．Death finally brought an end to his ________ (suffer)． 答案：suffering　由空格前的his可知，此处应用suffer的名词形式suffering。 9．________ number of people invited is 50, but a number of them ________ (be) absent. 答案：The; are　the number of 意为“……的数量”，谓语动词用单数形式；a number of意为“许多”，后跟可数名词复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。 10．The teacher thought ________ (high) of the student who studied hard all the time. 答案：highly　think highly of “高度评价……，高度赞扬……”。 Ⅱ　单句改错 1．This is the first book which I bought in that new bookstore. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：which→that 2．People, whom are from different parts of the world, have different customs. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：whom→who 3．This is my bedroom which windows face the sea. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：which→whose 4．Those that havent been to the West Lake will gather at the school gate. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：that→who 5．This is the last time when Ive given you lessons. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：when→that [能力题] Ⅰ　阅读理解 A My name is Ben. I am 13, and I live in Chantilly, Va. Just yesterday, June 24, 1996, I was at home watching my sister, who is mentally handicapped. My father was at work while my mother and younger sister were at moms office. I had noticed the clouds growing darker and the ones to the east were turning green. At first I thought nothing of it, but then on the TV, the weather reporter was announcing a big thunderstorm warning, one that usually brings hail and heavy rain. After seeing that, I called my mother and told her about it. She told me I should not be worried because it was just a thunderstorm so we hungup. Then I looked outside and noticed it was almost pitch black at 4：30. I took a flashlight (手电筒) because I was sure the power was going to go out any second. Then nosooner had I gotten back from getting the flashlight than the weather reporter announced a Tornado Warning! I had never been in an actual tornado before, but I had seen some funnel clouds before in Montana. Suddenly I realized I had no time to lose and I had to try to get my sister down the stairs to the basement in a matter of minutes. I surprisingly got her down there with no trouble at all and I raced back up the stairs to get the cordless phone. When I got back downstairs my dad called and told me to get downstairs immediately. I told him I was already down there! He said OK and we talked for a few seconds and then we hung up. Then_through_the_basement_windows,_the_only_thing_I_could_see_was_when_lightning_struck. I do not recall hearing of any deaths, or too many injuries so I guess everyone got a good head start to run to their basements. Either they or we are all lucky. 1．Ben took a flashlight because ________. A．he wanted to look for something B．it was not bright enough in the room C．he wanted to take care of his sister D．he was prepared for the power off 答案：D　细节理解题。根据第三段第四句中的“I was sure the power was going to go out any second”可知，他拿手电筒的目的是为了防止因暴风雨的来临而停电。 2．How did Ben save himself and his sister? A．By staying upstairs at home. B．By running out of the house. C．By hiding in the basement. D．By using the cordless phone. 答案：C　推理判断题。第四段提到“我”把姐姐安置到了地下室，并且父亲与“我”通话告诉“我”要尽快到地下室，结合末段提到的龙卷风过后并没有人受伤，是因为人们都躲到了地下室。由此可知，C符合文意。 　 3．How did Bens father feel when he called Ben? A．Worried. B．Excited. C．Disappointed. D．Encouraged. 答案：A　推理判断题。龙卷风就要到来，爸爸给本打电话让他们立即(immediately)躲进地下室，由此判断爸爸当时很担心。 4．What can we infer from the underlined sentence? A．It was completely dark outside. B．They were scared. C．The flashlight was broken. D．It was at midnight. 答案：A　推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“透过地下室的窗户，我所能看见的东西就是闪电。”可知，外面全黑了。 1．announce vt. 宣布，宣告 2．notice v. 看到；注意到；听到 1．hang up 挂断电话；挂起(衣服) 2．no sooner ... than ... 一……就…… B Earthquakes are something that people fear. There are some places that have few or no earthquakes. Most places in the world, however, have them regularly. Countries that have a lot of earthquakes are usually quite mountainous. The most talked about earthquake in the United States was in San Francisco in 1906. Over 700 people died in it. The strongest one in North America was in 1964. It happened in Alaska. Strong earthquakes are not always the ones that kill the most people. In 1755, one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded was felt in Portugal. Around 2,000 people died. In 1923, a very strong earthquake hit the Tokyo, Yokohama area of Japan. A hundred and forty thousand people died. Most of them died in fires which followed the earthquake. One of the worst earthquakes ever was in China in 1976. It killed a large numberof people. The worst earthquake ever reported was also in China, in which 400,000 people were killed or injured. This earthquake happened in 1556. Earthquakes worry people a lot. The reason is that we often do not know when they are coming. People can not preparefor them. 　 5．We can infer from the passage that ________. A．people are not afraid of earthquakes B．only strong earthquakes kill a large number of people C．a large number of earthquakes often happen next to mountains D．earthquakes happen only in a few places along the coast 答案：C　推理判断题。根据文章第一句判断A项错误；从文章有关地震所致伤亡情况的叙述来看，B项错误；根据第一段最后一句可知答案为C。 6．How many people died in the earthquake which happened in Portugal in 1755? A．500. B．140,000. C．400,000. D．Around 2,000. 答案：D　细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知答案为D。 7．When and where was the worst earthquake ever reported? A．1967; Alaska. B．1556; China. C．1923; Japan. D．1976; China. 答案：B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的最后两句可知答案为B。 8．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? A．The stronger the earthquake is, the more people are killed. B．Earthquakes often come unexpectedly (出乎意料地)． C．Earthquakes can cause fires. D．People still dont know how to tell when an earthquake will come. 答案：A　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，地震强度与伤亡人数不一定有直接关系，故A项错误。 1．regularly adv. 定期地，定时地 2．mountainous adj. 多山的 1．a number of 许多 2．prepare for 筹备，为……做准备 Ⅱ　语法填空 For Rachael and Leigh Barman, there is only one wish on their Christmas list this year—that their sick daughter Paige should survive until December 25. Fifteenyearold Paige suffers from __1__ rare brain disease, __2__ affects (影响) as few as 12 people in the world, and could kill her any day __3__ warning. And her condition has gone even __4__ (bad) in recent months. Her parents filled the family home with Christmas decorations __5__ September 1st so she could enjoy the rest of her life. Since then, she has __6__ (regular) opened Christmas presents and received visitors but she sleeps for up to 19 hours a day, her parents knowing that each time she closes her eyes, she may never wake up. Mrs Barman __7__ (describe) dealing with the condition as “like being on death row” as she never knew if __8__ daughter would wake up the next morning. The mother said, “She always loves Christmas and I get my heart __9__ (break) when I see her suffering like this. Our best Christmas present would be having Paige with us at Christmas. No matter __10__ she leaves the world, we make sure that she is always happy.” 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 1．a　考查冠词。disease是可数名词，此处是泛指，意为“一种罕见的疾病”，且disease的发音是以辅音音素开头，故填a。 2．which　考查定语从句的引导词。此处是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词disease，且关系词在从句中作主语。 3．without　考查介词。根据句意可知，此处是“没有任何先兆”。 4．worse　考查形容词的比较级。even后接形容词的比较级，再根据句意“她的情况变得更糟糕了”可知答案为worse。 5．on　考查介词。在具体的某一天，应用介词on。 6．regularly　考查词性转换。修饰动词应用副词，regularly是副词，意为“定期地，有规律地”。 7．described　考查动词的时态。本文是讲述过去的事情，故用一般过去时。 8．her　考查形容词性物主代词。由前面提到的Mrs Barman及设空处修饰名词daughter可知，此处填her。 9．broken　考查非谓语动词。my heart和break之间是被动关系，故应用过去分词。 10．when　考查状语从句的连接词。句意“无论在什么时候她离开这个世界，我们确信她总是快乐的”可知应填when。 Ⅲ　短文改错 As is known to all, different people speak different language, but sports have a language of their own. A football player from Japan can not play with a player from England. One does not need understand the language of the other. The game speak for itself. People which do not know each other often become friends before they have played together. The new boy or girl in school quick becomes one of the class after a few games. The new comer feels much good than before after he or she has played tennis with other people in the office. People at different parts of the world learn to understanding one another through sports. 答案： As is known to all, different people speak different ， but sports have a language of their own. A football player from Japan can play with a player from England. One does not need understand the language of the other. The game for itself. People do not know each other often become friends they have played together. The new boy or girl in school becomes one of the class after a few games. The new comer feels much than before after he or she has played tennis with other people in the office. People different parts of the world learn to one another through sports. 难项分析： 第五处：which→who/that　考查定语从句的引导词。先行词People被定语从句修饰，关系词在从句中作主语，应用who/that，故将which改为who/that。 第八处：good→better　考查形容词的比较级。句意：跟办公室其他人一起打过网球后，新来的人会感到比之前好多了。句中有than，且much修饰形容词或副词的比较级，故应用good的比较级，故将good改为better。 第十处：understanding→understand　考查固定搭配。learn to do sth.意为“学习做某事”，to为不定式符号，故将understanding改为understand。